Untitled Deck Flashcards
Define Anion.
An ANION forms when an atom gains one or more electrons and therefore has an overall negative charge.
Define Cation.
A CATION forms when an atom loses one or more electrons and therefore has an overall positive charge.
Define Ion.
IONS are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge caused by the gaining or losing of electrons.
Define Isotopes.
Isotopes - Atoms of the same element but different mass numbers (different numbers of neutrons).
How can you find the number of Electrons?
In atom: Equal to Proton # If not, then its an Ion.
How does a Metal Ion Flame Test work?
Heat -> Ion’s electrons jump into higher energy orbital. Higher energy orbital -> Unstable -> Jump back down. Jump back down requires release of energy, in the form of light.
How to Determine what Isotope an Atom is?
Atomic Mass # - Atomic # = Neutron #.
How to tell the difference between an Atom and an Ion?
A difference in superscripts: Na, Na+ Ca, Ca+2.
What do Cations and Anions form?
Cations: Metals Anions: Non-Metals.
What do transition metals form as ions?
Form cations with various charges.
What does taking away or adding an Electron do?
Taking away an electron from an atom gives it a positive charge. Adding an electron to an atom gives it a negative charge.
What is a Metal Ion Flame Test?
An analytical procedure used by chemists to detect the presence of particular metal ions, based on the colour of the flame produced.
What type of Ion do non-metals and metals tend to become?
Non-metal: Anion Metal: Cation.
Why is the Standard/Relative Atomic Mass of Elements Decimals?
An average mass value is calculated from ALL the different isotopes of a single type of element found in nature which results in a decimal value.
