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Universe 7&8 Flashcards

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1
Q

No of solar eclipse a yr

A

1-2

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2
Q

Mercury also called

A

Budh

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3
Q

When was universe formed

A

20 billion yrs ago

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4
Q

No of stars in Milky Way is

A

100 billion stars, 10^11

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5
Q

Largest moon of Uranus

A

Titania

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6
Q

Largest moon of Neptune

A

Triton

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7
Q

Name the five largest moons

A

Ganymede,titan,Callisto,lo,moon,triton

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8
Q

Light yr

A

9.46 x 10^12 km

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9
Q

No of moons for Saturn

A

53- confirmed,9- unconfirmed

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10
Q

Sun gravity …….. times that of 🌏

A

28

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11
Q

Neptune also called

A

Varun

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12
Q

Saturn also called

A

Shani

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13
Q

Comets are found in

A

Oort belt

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14
Q

Asteroids location

A

Between mars and Jupiter

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15
Q

No of stars in ursa major, Orion, Cygnus

A

7,7,5

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16
Q

Venus also called

A

Shukra

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17
Q

Name 4 satellites discovered by gallileo

A

Ganymede,Callisto,lo,europa

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18
Q

Main element in mercury

A

Iron

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19
Q

No of rings in Saturn

A

3

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20
Q

Uranus size

A

64 earths

D- 4x that of earth

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21
Q

Largest asteroid

A

Ceres has a diameter of 1000 km

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22
Q

No of satellites for Neptune

A

13- confirmed,1- unconfirmed

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23
Q

2 types of lunar eclipse

A

Penumbral and umbral lunar eclipse

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24
Q

Asteroids are also called

A

Minor planets

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25
Q

Colour of Uranus and why it’s caused

A

Blue green,hydrogen and methane

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26
Q

Mercury revolution

A

88 days

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27
Q

Spinning neutron star

A

Pulsar

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28
Q

Largest moon of Jupiter

A

Ganymede

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29
Q

Clouds of Venus are made of

A

Sulphuric acid

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30
Q

Distance between earth and sun

A

150 crore km,8.3min

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31
Q

2moons of mars

A

Phobos and Deimos

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32
Q

Meteors are ……. like objects

A

Stone

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33
Q

Diameter and mass of mars in comparison to 🌏

A

D- more than half

Mass-one tenth

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34
Q

Largest moon of Saturn

A

Titan

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35
Q

Distance of Sirius and alpha centaury from earth

A

8.7,4.3

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36
Q

No of moons for Jupiter

A

50- confirmed,17- unconfirmed

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37
Q

Galleys comet appears every ……………yr last seen in ……………… yr

A

76,1986

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38
Q

No of satellites for Uranus

A

27

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39
Q

Composition of sun

A

Hydrogen-93% , helium-5%, heavier elements-2%

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40
Q

Layers of sun from in to out

A

Core,radioactive zone,convective zone,photosphere,chromosphere,corona

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41
Q

Uranus also called

A

Arun

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42
Q

Lunar month or sidereal month( time taken by moon to complete one revolution around earth )

A

27.3 days

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43
Q

Lunar phase or synodic month

A

29 . 5 days

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44
Q

Observable universe length is

A

93 billion light yrs

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45
Q

Mass of sun in the solar system

A

98%

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46
Q

The temperature of the core of the sun is

A

15 million °c

Surface is 5600 °c

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47
Q

4 types of solar eclipse

A

Total
Annular
Partial
Hybrid

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48
Q

In total solar eclipse

A

Sun is completely covered by moon

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49
Q

In annular solar eclipse

A

The moon is farther away from earth compared to total eclipse , so a bright ring of sunlight is visible

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50
Q

In partial solar eclipse

A

Sun is partially covered by moon . Covered by penumbral part

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51
Q

What do you mean by magnitude of a solar eclipse

A

The fraction of part of the sun covered by the moon

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52
Q

Depending on where you are how can you determine an eclipse

A

If you are in the umbra of moon’s shadow

- total solar eclipse etc.

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53
Q

If you are in umbra of the moon’s shadow

A

Total solar eclipse

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54
Q

If you are in penumbra of moons shadow

A

Partial solar eclipse

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55
Q

Total lunar eclipse?

A

When moon is entirely covered by the umbra of the umbra of the earth

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56
Q

Partial lunar eclipse ?

A

Only part of the moon is covered by the earths umbra, rest covered by the penumbra

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57
Q

Penumbral lunar eclipse?

A

the penumbra covers all or part of the Moon, the umbra misses it.

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58
Q

No of galaxies in universe

A

100 billion

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59
Q

No of stars in galaxies

A

100 billion

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60
Q

Jovian planets

A

Jupiter , Saturn , Uranus, Neptune

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61
Q

4 types of satellites based on the type of orbit they are in

A

Low Earth
Sun-synchronous
Geosynchronous
Geostationary

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62
Q

Geosynchronous satellites

A

Those satellites placed into orbit so that their period of rotation exactly matches the Earth’s rotation.

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63
Q

Geostationary satellites

A

Are geosynchronous satellites but follows the equatorial plane of earth

64
Q

Low earth orbit satellites

A

For military purposes goes round the eart in 90 minutes

65
Q

Albert Einstein discovered relation between space and time and discovered the space time continuum

A

More the space covered the smaller is the rate at which time travels.
It means for an object at rest time will move at a very fast rate and
For a object at motion time will move slowly

66
Q

If the motion of an object reaches the speed of light

A

The time will slow down until time stops flowing for the object
And if the speed increases speed of light you will travel to the past

67
Q

How is flow of time affected by gravity

A

Stronger the gravitational pull slower the time flows

68
Q

How can you travel to the past if you can’t reach speed of light

A

Then through wormholes which connect different space time continuum

69
Q

How can you travel to the future

A

By revolving around a place with lot of gravity like black holes and coming back to earth . As for the object travelling around the black hole time will flow very slowly due to the gravity

70
Q

Expansion of the universe is accelerated by an unknown force called

A

dark energy

71
Q

Radiation from black hole

A

Hawking radiation

72
Q

The alpha centauri star star system consists of 3 stars -

A

Alpha Centauri A
Alpha Centauri B (A and B form binary stars)
Alpha Centauri C or called Proxima Centauri

73
Q

1 parsec is is

A

3.26 light years

74
Q

Blue stars are more hot than yellow stars, which is more hot than red stars?

A

The more hot an object the higher is the frequency of its radiation

75
Q

1 parsec

A

3.26 light yrs

76
Q

One Light minute

A

18 x 10 raised to 6 km

77
Q

Sun’s surface temp

A

6000 °C

78
Q

Why do stars twinkle

A

This is because we look at stars through air which is constantly blowing , so we receive their light as unsteady and they appear to twinkle.

79
Q

Pole star also called

A

Polaris or Dhruva tara

80
Q

Pole star always points to the

A

North

81
Q

Time taken by light to reach earth

A

8.3 minutes

82
Q

Distance btw Earth and Sun

A

149,400,000 km

Approx 150 million km

83
Q

Alpha centauri and Earth distance

A

4.3 light yrs = 40.678 x 10*12

84
Q

No of galaxies in universe

A

100 billion (10*11)

85
Q

Each galaxy has how many stars

A

100 billion stars

86
Q

Total no of stars in universe

A

10*22

87
Q

Who divided galaxies into 3 categories

A

Hubble

88
Q

Hubble ?

A

American astronomer

89
Q

3 categories of galaxies

A

Spiral
Elliptical
Irregular

90
Q

Spiral galaxies diameter

A

20,000 to 100,000 light yrs

91
Q

80% of the total no of galaxies are …… in shape

A

Spiral

92
Q

Spiral galaxies have a well defined …. and a large ………… composed of stars

A

Nucleus

Spheroidal halo

93
Q

18% of the total no of galaxies are …….. in shape

A

Elliptical

94
Q

Elliptical galaxies are divided into …. categories based on ………

A

8
Flattening
The categories are E0 to E7.

E0 galaxies are nearly spherical
E7 galaxies are highly flattened

95
Q

Elliptical galaxies are less …… than spherical galaxies

A

Luminous.

This is because they are mostly composed of red and yellow stars.

96
Q

Irregular galaxies form … % of the total no of galaxies

A

2%

97
Q

In irregular galaxies there are

A

Lot of dust and blue stars

98
Q

Milky Way comes from

A

A Greek word Gala

99
Q

Diameter of Milky Way galaxy

A

10*5 light yrs

100
Q

Central thickness of Milky Way galaxy

A

10*4 light yrs

101
Q

Sun is situated at a distance of ……. from the centre of the Milky Way galaxy

A

2.7 x 10*4 light yrs

102
Q

Thickness of the Milky Way disc near the sun

A

1000 light yrs

103
Q

Interstellar matter

A

Dust and gases filled between the stars in galaxies

104
Q

90% of interstellar matter is

A

Hydrogen (H2)

105
Q

Mass of Milky Way galaxy

A

3 x 10*41 kg

106
Q

All stars complete one revolution through the galactic centre of the Milky Way in

A

300 x 10*6 years

107
Q

No of constellations that we know

A

88

108
Q

One of the largest star of Orion

A

Betalgeuse

109
Q

Orion visible during

A

Winters in northern hemisphere

110
Q

Rusa major is visible during

A

Summers

111
Q

Rusa minor vs Ursa Major

A

Ursa minor -
Stars more close and less bright
Last star is the pole star itself

112
Q

Ursa Minor is visible in

A

Summers

113
Q

Cassiopeia is visible in the

A

Northern hemisphere in winter in early part of night.

114
Q

No of Moons for different planets

A 
Mars - 2
Jupiter - 63
Saturn - 34
Uranus - 27
Neptune - 13
115
Q

Mass and diameter comparison of moon and earth

A

Mass - 1/4

Mass - 1/81

116
Q

Distance btw Earth and moon

A

3,84,400

117
Q

Time taken by the moon to revolve around the Earth

A

27 days and 7 hrs.

118
Q

……….. after every new moon day is the full moon day

A

2 weeks

119
Q

First Indian satelite

A

Aryabhatta

120
Q

Big Bang occurred

A

15 million yrs ago

121
Q

Largest asteroid

A

Ceres whose diameter is 1003 km

122
Q

Scorpius has how many stars

A

7

123
Q

Scorpius visible during

A

Summers

124
Q

Brightest star in Orión constellation

A

Rigel

125
Q

Betelgeuse is also called

A

Alpha Oris

126
Q

Comet’s orbit shape

A

Elliptical

127
Q

The belt of the Orion points to the star

A

Sirius

128
Q

Ursa Major also called

A

Vrihat Septarishi

129
Q

2nd densest planet after Earth

A

Mars

130
Q

Dwarf planets e.g.

A

Ceres
Eris
MakeMake
Haumea

131
Q

Neptune completes one revolution in

A

165 yrs

132
Q

Speed of Neptune’s winds

A

2000 km/hr

133
Q

Mars temperature

A

-120 to 25°C

134
Q

First spacecraft to visit Mars

A

Mariner 4 in 1965

135
Q

In ancient times Venus was thought as 2 different bodies

A

Eosphorus - morning star

Hesperus - evening star

136
Q

Saturn was first visited by

A

NASA’s Pioneer 11 in 1979

137
Q

Rings of Saturn were made of

A

Ice and dust.(3)

138
Q

Uranus revolution period

A

84 yrs

139
Q

No of rings for Uranus

A

13

140
Q

Brightest ring of Uranus

A

Epsilon ring

141
Q

Diameter comparison of Sun and earth

A

109 times more

142
Q

Mass comparison of Sun and earth

A

333,000 times as heavy as Earth

143
Q

Sunspots have a temp of

A

4000°C

144
Q

Areas on surface of the sun where hot gases shoot outward

A

Prominences

145
Q

Venus reflects ….. of the light

A

3/4

146
Q

Most common planet that appears in east before sunrise and west before sunset

A

Venus

147
Q

Saturn’s rings were first observed by

A

Galileo Galilee

148
Q

Name comet means

A

A hairy star

149
Q

Tail of comets could be as long as

A

800 million km

150
Q

Solstices

A

Spring - 21 March
Summer - 21 June
Autumn - 23 September
Winter - 22 December

151
Q

1 hectare is how many acres

A

2.5 acres (approx.)

152
Q

Distance btw Mercury and Sun

A

58 million km

153
Q

Sun present age

A

5 billion yrs old and is expected to live for another 5 billion yrs

154
Q

1 hectare is how many acres

A

2.5 acres (approx.)

155
Q

Distance btw Mercury and Sun

A

58 million km

156
Q

Sun present age

A

5 billion yrs old and is expected to live for another 5 billion yrs

157
Q

Diameter of moon

A

3.475 km

Physics (17 decks)

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