unity and diversity of life

Question 1

what is unity

Answer 1

all life displays a common set of characteristics (principles 1-8)

Question 2

what is diversity

Answer 2

life takes many different forms in diverse environments

Question 3

what does evolutionary history help us to understand

Answer 3

the structure and function of an organism

Question 4

what does evolutionary change mostly involve

Answer 4

modifications of pre-existing characteristics

Question 5

why would some structures be modified

Answer 5

in order to serve new purposes

Question 6

what is a homologous structure

Answer 6

two structures which are similar because they share a common origin

Question 7

what is an example of homologous organisms

Answer 7

siblings

Question 8

what is vertical descent with modification

Answer 8

the progression of changes in a lineage, a new species evolves from a pre-existing one

Question 9

how does vertical descent with modification work

Answer 9

by the accumulation of mutations that are good, natural selection

Question 10

what is horizontal gene transfer

Answer 10

a genetic exchange between DIFFERENT SPECIES

Question 11

what is a modern example of horizontal gene transfer

Answer 11

antibiotic resistance genes can be transferred between different bacterial species

Question 12

what is taxonomy

Answer 12

the grouping of species based to common ancestors. grouping by unity to emphasize diversity

Question 13

in taxonomy, the smaller the group means what about the organisms within it

Answer 13

they are more closely related

Question 14

what is bacteria

Answer 14

a unicellular prokaryote

Question 15

what is a prokaryote

Answer 15

no organelles

Question 16

what does a clade consist of

Answer 16

archaea and eukarya

Question 17

what are the two domains of life

Answer 17

1. bacteria
2. a clade

Question 18

what is archaea

Answer 18

a unicellular prokaryote

Question 19

what is eukarya

Answer 19

unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes

Question 20

what are examples of a clade

Answer 20

plant, fungi, and animal kingdoms

Question 21

where did eukaryotes likely arise from

Answer 21

an endosymbiotic relationship between archaea and bacteria

Question 22

when naming an organism scientifically, in what order do the names go

Answer 22

1. genus
2. species

Question 23

is the genus name capitalized

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

is the species name capitalized

Answer 24

no

Question 25

do you italicize scientific names

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

in what order are the taxonomic groups (least to most specific)

Answer 26

1. domain
2. kingdom
3. phylum
4. class
5. order
6. family
7. genus
8. species

Question 27

what is a genome

Answer 27

the complete genetic makeup of an organism

Question 28

what is genomics

Answer 28

techniques used to analyze DNA sequences and compare the genomes of different species

Question 29

what is a proteome

Answer 29

the complete complement of proteins of an organism

Question 30

what is proteomics

Answer 30

techniques used to analyze the proteins of a species and compare the proteomes of different species

Question 31

poodles and labs are classified as Canis lupus and both live in the same habitat. what are they considered

Answer 31

a population

Question 32

if people are seeing their saliva to ancestry.com to find out their ancestry. the companies look at their DNA. what are these tests doing

Answer 32

comparing different genomes