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Units Flashcards

1
Q

traditional unit of exposure in air

A

Roentgen (R)

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2
Q

SI unit of exposure in air

A

Coulombs per kilogram (c/kg)

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3
Q

SI unit of electric charge

A

Coulomb (C)

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4
Q

SI unit of electrical current

A

ampere (A)

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5
Q

R to C/kg?

A

multiply 2.58 x 10^ -4

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6
Q

C/kg to R?

A

divide 2.58 x 10^ -4

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7
Q

the amount of energy absorbed by the irradiated object per unit mass

A

absorbed dose

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8
Q

traditional unit of absorbed dose?

A

Rad

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9
Q

SI unit of absorbed dose?

A

gray (Gy)

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10
Q

an energy transfer of 100 ergs per gram of an absorbing material

A

rad

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11
Q

the energy transfer of 1 joule per kg of the irradiate material

A

Gray

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12
Q

1 Gy = _____ rad

A

100

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13
Q

rad to gray?

A

divide rad by 100

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14
Q

1 rad = _____ Gy

A

1/100

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15
Q

1 rad = _____ j/kg

A

1/100

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16
Q

1 Gy = _____ j/kg

A

1

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17
Q

1 rad = ______ erg/g

A

100

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18
Q

absorbed dose is also referred to as units of what?

A

KERMA

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19
Q

KERMA stands for what?

A

kinetic energy released in matter

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20
Q

the transfer of radiation energy to atoms of air

A

air kerma

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21
Q

when radiation interacts w matter, energy is transferred from what to what?

A

from the photon to the e-‘s of the atoms

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22
Q

provides a method w which we can calculate the realistic absorbed dose for all types of rad

A

dose equivalent (DE)

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23
Q

traditional unit of dose equivalent (DE)?

A

rem

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24
Q

SI unit of dose equivalent (DE)?

A

Sievert (Sv)

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25
the quantity of any ionizing rad that has the same bio effectiveness of 1 rad of XRs
rem
26
traditional unit of occupational exposure
rem
27
SI unit of occupational exposure
Sievert (Sv)
28
1 Sv = _____ j/kg
1
29
1 Sv = _____ rem
100
30
Gy x Q = ?
Sv
31
rad x Q = ?
rem
32
Absorbed Dose x Quality Factor = ?
DE
33
Rem to Sv?
divide rem by 100
34
Sv to rem?
multiply Sv by 100
35
a modifying factor used in the calculation of the DE to determine the ability of a dose of any kind of rad to cause bio damage
Quality Factor (Q)
36
Q for XRs?
1
37
Q for gamma rays?
1
38
Q for Beta particles?
1
39
Q for protons?
2
40
Q for neutrons (<10 kev)?
5
41
Q for fast neutrons?
20
42
Q for alpha particles?
20
43
Q aka?
radiation weighting factor (Wr)
44
the product of the avg absorbed dose in a tissue/organ & it's assoc. rad weighting factor (Wr) ((aka Q))
equivalent dose
45
rad x Wr = ?
equivalent dose
46
rad x Wr x Wt = ?
effective dose
47
what is Wt?
tissue weighing factor
48
the sum of the weighted equivalent doses for all irradiated tissue/organs
effective dose
49
equivalent dose x Wt = ?
effective dose
50
used to describe rad exposure of a pop./group from low doses of diff. sources of ionizing rad
collective equivalent dose
51
(avg effective dose of an individual belonging to the exposed pop.) x (# of persons exposed) = ?
collective equivalent dose
52
SI stands for?
specific ionization
53
LET stands for?
linear energy transfer
54
LET & SI have what kind of relationship?
direct
55
LET & SI focuses on what?
the rad absorption rate of an attenuator
56
the rate at which energy is deposited in the form of a charged particle or ion pairs as it travels thru matter
LET
57
the no. of ion pairs produced per unit of a distance traveled (1 cm) is known as?
the specific ionization (SI)
58
__________ is closely related to LET but is used when the focus of interest is the rate of energy loss by radiation
SI
59
_________ & ____________ have a high LET & high SI
alpha & beta particles
60
________ & ________ have a low LET & low SI
XR & gamma radiation
61
the SI for XR & gamma rad is?
1
62
the SI for beta rad is?
100
63
beta will cause about ________ more ionization per mm than XR & gamma rad
100 x's
64
bc beta particles have 100 SI, and XR's have 1 SI, does this mean that beta particles have more energy than XRs?
No, it only means that beta particles lose their energy into the tissue faster
65
SI of alpha rad?
2500
66
alpha rad has Q of 20, XRs have Q of 1, what does this mean for the alpha particle?
it causes 20 x's more damage per rad compared to XR
67
alpha rad has SI of 2500, and XR has SI of 1, what does this mean for the alpha particle?
it causes about 2500 x's more ionization per mm compared to the XR
68
traditional unit of radioactivity?
curie (Ci)
69
SI unit of radioactivity?
Becquerel (Bq)
70
the rate of nuclear disintegration of a material?
radioactivity
71
Ci is ______________ disintegration per second of any radioactive substance
3.7 x 10^10
72
Bq is __________ decay per second of any radioactive substance
1
73
the T taken by a radioactive material to decay 50% of its original activity
half life
74
mega? (M)
10^6
75
kilo? (k)
10^3
76
centi? (c)
10^ -2
77
deci? (d)
10^ -1
78
milli? (m)
10^ -3
79
micro? (μ)
10^ -6
80
nano? (n)
10^ -9
81
pico? (p)
10^ -12

Rad Bio (6 decks)

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