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Somm Intro Course Workbook > United States > Flashcards

United States Flashcards

1
Q

Early U.S. wine pinings

A

1500 French Heugonots east coast and Franciscans planting the Mission grape in Texas, New Mexico, and CA

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2
Q

Who is the pioneer in the U.S. known for bringing european vines to the U.S.

A

Agoston Haraszthy. He founded Buena Vista winery in 1857

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3
Q

What role did the gold rush play in winemaking

A

Brought French and Italian immigrants to the U.S.

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4
Q

Two main setback to progress of viticulture

A

Prohibition 1920-1933 and Phylloxer in the 1880-1890

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5
Q

Other famous pioneers in U.S. wine making

A

Robert Mondavi and Andre Tchellifchef

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6
Q

When was the Judgement of Paris

A

1976

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7
Q

What is TTB

A

Tax anad Trade Bureau that regulates federalalcohol sales. It defines boundaries and and appellations or AVA’s (American Viticultural Areas).

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8
Q

Named wine growing regions can use AVA if meet the following minimum requirements.

A

85% apples to varietal, vintage year (if state, county, or country), and stated AVA location.

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9
Q

For a grape to be labeled loosely county, State, or Country must contain

A

75% applies to varietal and listed County, State, or Country. Vintage does not apply.

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10
Q

In order for both an AVA SINGLE VINEYARD and vintage to be put on label minimum for varietal and AVA

A

95% is required

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11
Q

oregon requires what minimum for their varieties

A

90%

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12
Q

CA growing climte

A

West coast cool pacific breeze, Mountains and rolling hills can trap fog and move it inland. Temps get warmer moving from coast inland

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13
Q

Red and White grapes of CA

A 
White
– Chardonnay
– Sauvignon Blanc
• Red
– Cabernet Sauvignon
– Merlot
– Zinfandel
– Pinot Noir
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14
Q

Broad CA areas for wine making

A

North Coast
• Central Coast
• Central Valley
• Sierra Foothills

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15
Q

Where is Napa Valley

A

Between San Pablo Bay and Mt. St. Helens. Vaca mountains to east and Macayama mountains to west. These mountains are only 2,000 ft. in elevation. The Napa river runs through the heart of the region

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16
Q

Climate of Napa Valley

A

Maritime with cool fog. Especially southern Napa near the bay.

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17
Q

Soil of Napa

A

Diverse

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18
Q

Grapes of Napa-same as above

A 
Grape Varieties
• White
– Chardonnay
– Sauvignon Blanc
• Red
– Cabernet Sauvignon
– Merlot
– Zinfandel
– Pinot Noir
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19
Q

Which grapes are grown where

A

Pinot Noir cooler AVA’s while cab. suav. and zinfandel arew grown in warmer AVA’s.

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20
Q

Which AVA produces sparkling wines

A

Carneros in Southern Napa

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21
Q

What wine styles are employed in Napa

A

French and American Oak, MLF,

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22
Q

What important AVA’s are in Napa

A
  • Stags Leap District AVA
  • Oakville AVA
  • Rutherford AVA
  • Howell Mountain AVA
23
Q

Where is Sonoma

A

Western Edge of North coast from Pacific Ocan to Macyama mountain edge of Napa

24
Q

Sonoma climate

A

Fog and cool air from coast create huge diurnal temp shifts making this region cooler than Napa. The Petaluma gap funnels coastal air through the mountains. Region is hilly throughout.

25
Q

Main broad regions AVA’s in Sonoma

A

Dry Creek, Alexander Valley, Sonoma Coast, Sonoma Valley, Russian River, Carneros

26
Q

Grapes of Sonoma

A 
• White
--Chardonnay
– Sauvignon Blanc
• Red
– Pinot Noir
– Cabernet Sauvignon
– Merlot
– Zinfandel
– Syrah
27
Q

Sonoma wine style

A

Intense red wines aged in new oak barrells. Styles depend on the temps.

28
Q

Mendocino county boasts what important AVA

A

Anderson Valley known for it’s Sparkling Chardonnay and Pinot Noir grown on cool, coastal land.

29
Q

Where is Mendocino County

A

North of Sonoma on the coast and next to Lake County

30
Q

Most important growing region in the Central Coast growing region

A

Monterey

31
Q

Where is Monterey

A

South of San Fran and San Jose

32
Q

Climate of Monterey

A

Cool coastal maritime fog getting warmer as you move inland.

33
Q

What is unique about Monterey winds

A

They run east to west instead of North to South due to mountain gap that funnels wind this way. Vineyard selection is important to protect from any harsher winds

34
Q

Grapes of Mendocino

A 
Typical
White
– Chardonnay
• Red
– Pinot Noir
– Cabernet Sauvignon
– Merlot
– Zinfandel
35
Q

Californias other important Central Coast AVA

A

Paso Robles locatad between Monterey and Santa Barbara in San Luis Bispo County

36
Q

Diverse grape varietals of Paso Robles. Hint is Rhone varietals.

A 
White
– Chardonnay
• Red
– Cabernet Sauvignon
– Rhône Varieties
– Grenache
– Syrah
– Zinfandel
37
Q

Important AVA’s in Santa Barbara (North of LA). What is climate and grapes

A 
Santa Maria Valley AVA
• Santa Ynez Valley AVA
• Sta. Rita Hills AVA
Maritime but warm and dry as opposed to cool because it is located more inland
Grape Varieties
• White
– Chardonnay
– Sauvignon Blanc
• Red
– Pinot Noir
– Rhône varieties
– Grenache
– Syrah
– Bordeaux varieties
– Cabernet Sauvignon
– Merlot
38
Q

Willamette Valley is located where

A

Oregon. South of Portland

39
Q

Where is Portland Oregon

A

In the Pacific Northweast.

40
Q

Coastal mountain range in Willamette Valley that runs east to west

A

Cascade Mountains. Willamette Valley lies between the Coast and this mountain range

41
Q

Climate of Willamette

A

Cool and Maritime. Cascade mountains act as a rainshadow from cooler harsher coastal temps

42
Q

Soils of Willamette

A

Volcanic, Alluvial, Clay

43
Q

Grapes of Willamette

A 
White
– Pinot Gris
– Chardonnay
– Riesling
• Red
– Pinot Noir (70% of plantings)
44
Q

Where are the grapes planted

A

Mountain slopes and hills near valley floor

45
Q

Regional Wine Law (labeling laws)

A

90% for a varietal with the exception of cab.sauv. which is 75%

46
Q

For a place name region in Oregon what is required

A

95% instead of the usual 85% grapes must come from the named place.

47
Q

Where is the Washington AVA

A

Pacific Northwest EAST of the cascade Mountains

48
Q

Climate of Washington

A

The Cascade Mountains create a rain shadow protecting Washington AVA’s. This protection creates a continental, high-desert climate with hot
summers, very cold winters and little precipitation. There are huge diurnal temp swings. Creates good sugar acid balance

49
Q

Grapes of Washington

A 
Grape
• White
– Chardonnay
– Riesling
• Red
– Cabernet Sauvignon
– Merlot
– Syrah
50
Q

Irrigation sources for Columbia Valley AVA

A

The Columbia, Yakima and Snake Rivers are the

primary sources of water.

51
Q

Important Washington AVAs

A

• Columbia Valley AVA
– Yakima Valley AVA
– Walla Walla Valley AVA

52
Q

Important AVA’s in New York

A

Finger Lakes AVA
• Hudson Valley AVA
• Long Island AVA
• Lake Erie AVA

53
Q

Grapes of New York

A 
White
– Riesling
– Gewürztraminer
– Chardonnay
• Red
– Pinot Noir
– Merlot
– Cabernet Franc
• Hybrid
– Concord
– Vidal
54
Q

Climate of New York

A

Continental with moderating effects of Atlantic Ocean, rivers and lakes. Deep freezes in winter can be a concern in winter

Somm Intro Course Workbook (25 decks)

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