Australia Flashcards
where is Victoria
Under New South Whales where wine growing began
What region was first affected by Phylloxera
Victoria
How did Australia survive Phylloxera
Focusing on fortified wines from warmer regions in South Australia
When did stylistic wine styles in Australia change and why
1950’s, cooler growing regions, temp controlled fermentation
What types of wine industries coexist in Australia
Boutique and large industrial scale producers
How many states and what are the states in Australia
Queensland, New South Whales, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, Tasmania
What is Australia comparable to in size
The United States
The center of Australia
Is hot, dry, desert, inhospitable
Where do Australian vines grow
Southeastern part of Australia
Soils in Australia are
Ancient and nutrient poor
White grapes of Australia
Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Semillion, Riesling
Red Grapes of Australia
Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Grenache, Pinot Noir
What typifies cool wine growing regions in Australia
Coastal areas (southern and indian oceans), and High Elevation areas.
What is required for inland vine growing
Irrigation
What do warmer growing climates cause
Grapes become very ripe. Less acidity in grapes can cause difficulty in balancing the wines
Boutique and large industrial scale producers
Are an importan production factor
Why has Australia always led out with new and innovative wine techniques
Labor shortages caused them to mechanize wine process
Mechanization/Stainless steel provides wine with what type style
Clean, fruit driven style
What type of oak is employed in Australia
Generally American Oak. More recently French Barriques
Is acidification often used in Australia
Yes to balance lower acidity due to warm climate
What packaging procedures set Australia apart
Bag in box. Screw cap.
Is Australia known for blending it’s wines
Yes both on a large industrial scale and small boutique scale. Grapes are trucked from multiple sites and growers have found a way to maintain blends in terms of house styles.
Australia’s most famous high quality blend
Penfold “Grange”
Harvest in Australia
Mechanized and done at night to preserve freshness and acidity
Appellation system in terms of labeling integrity requires
85 % across the board for grape variety, vintage and region.
GI categories from largest to smallest
Country (Australia), Southeastern Australia, State of Origin, Zone, Region, Subzone
Southeastern GI
A massive geographical area covering 5 states. This GI is integral to thepractice of blending for mass-market wines and meeting EU appellationrequirements.
New South Whales GI
Sydney. Great Dividing Range runs through separating hot interior from wet coastal
Well known GI in Eastern part of New South Whales
Hunter Valley-Hunter GI (60% Semillion) located north of Sydney on coast. Hot, humid, dry wind, cooling effects of the sea.
Another GI in New South Whales. Largest wine region in Ausralia.
Riverina GI. Across from Hunter Valley on the western side of the divide in the river valley.
Climate of Riverina
Hot and Humid
Riverina represents what percent of Australia’s production
50%
What types of wines are produced in Riverina
Bulk, fortified, botrytized
Victoria
Southeastern area of Australia.
What types of wines are produced in Riverina. What is another GI on the western side of the Great Divide?
Bulk, fortified, botrytized. Mudgee-produces Cabernet Sauvignon.
What types of wines are produced in Victoria
Sparkling, Still, Fortified, Dessert. Basically every kind because climate is broad and far reaching ranging from coastal to continental.
Important GI’s of Victoria
Yarra Valley GI, Rutherglen GI, ad Murray Darling GI
What is Rutherglen famous for
Sweet fortified dessert wine made from Muscat
What two states share the Murray Darling GI
New South Whales and Victoria
What is Murray Darling GI known for
Bulk wine like Riverina. Climate is hot and inland and requires irrigation.
Moving on to Southern Australia Territory which are the most important GI’s.
Barossa Valley GI, Eden and Clare GI’s McClaren Vale GI and Coonwara (terra rosa limestone coast).
Clare and Eden while popular for their reds produce what kind of iconic grape
Dry Reislings
What grape is McClaren Vale known for
Shiraz. Some Grenache. Molly Dooker. The Boxer.
What grape is Coonwara famous for
Cabernet Sauvignon.
Most important GI and grape of Western Australia in the Perth area
Margaret River known for its Chardonnay
Appellation system (GI) largest to smallesst
Multistate, State, Super Zones and Zones, Regions, Subregions.
