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Chemistry⚗️ > Unit2Topic1 - Reactivity Series Of Metals > Flashcards

Unit2Topic1 - Reactivity Series Of Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

Equation for metals reacting with air

A

metal + oxygen -> metal oxide

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2
Q

Equation for metals reacting with water

A

metal + acid -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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3
Q

Equation for metals reacting with steam

A

metal + steam -> metal oxide + hydrogen

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4
Q

Equation for metals reacting with acids

A

metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen

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5
Q

K and Na when left in air

A

Soft, can be cut easily with a knife to give a shiny surface that quickly tarnishes.

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6
Q

Ca, Mg, Al and Zn when left in air

A

React slowly, forming an oxide layer

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7
Q

Fe and Cu when left in air

A

Oxide layer is easily rubbed off

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8
Q

K when heated in air

A

Burns with a lilac flame

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9
Q

Na when heated in air

A

Burns with bright yellow flame

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10
Q

Apparatus used when heating K and Na in air

A

deflagrating spoon

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11
Q

Ca when heated in air

A

Burns with brick red flame

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12
Q

Mg when heated in air

A

Burns with bright white flame, leaving a white ash

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13
Q

Al when heated in air

A

Sheets of Al don’t burn easily. Powdered Al burns with white sparks, leaving white solid.

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14
Q

Zn when heated in air

A

Burns leaving yellow solid which when cooled changes to white.

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15
Q

Fe when heated in air

A

Sheets of Fe don’t burn easily. Fe wool or Fe filings burn with yellow/orange sparks, forming black solid

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16
Q

Cu when heated in air

A

Sheets of Cu quickly form black copper oxide layer. The black layer will form without heating.

17
Q

Apparatus used when heating Ca, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe and Cu in air

A

Hold over Bunsen flame with tongs or place in crucible on a tripod over Bunsen

18
Q

Reactions between metals and water are …

A

Exothermic: heat energy is given out and the solution warms up/ test tube feels warm.

19
Q

Why do some metals have to be stored under oil? E.g. Li, Na, K

A

They’re very reactive with oxygen and water and are therefore stored under oil to prevent them being in contact with oxygen and moisture in the air

20
Q

K reaction in water

A 
Floats
Moves rapidly around surface
Bursts into lilac flame
Bubbles of gas released 
Colourless solution formed
21
Q

Na reaction in water

A

Floats
Moves rapidly around surface
So much heat released that Na melts into a sphere of molten metal that may burn with yellow flame
Colourless solution formed

22
Q

Further tests in trough of water where K and Na have reacted

A

Solution changes Universal indicator from green to blue

23
Q

Ca reaction in water

A

Ca granules will sink initially
Bubbles of gas
Beaker feels warm to touch as heat is evolved

24
Q

Mg reaction in water

A

Very few bubbles observed even after leaving for several days

25
Q

Al, Zn, Fe, Cu reactions in water

A

No reaction.

Fe will rust after a few days

26
Q

Further tests after reacting Ca, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe and Cu in water

A

Gas collected in test tube burns with a squeaky pop.

27
Q

Chemical formula for steam

A

H2O (g)

28
Q

Mg reaction with steam

A

Reacts when heated
Produces very bright white light
White powder remains

29
Q

Al reaction with steam

A

Al foil will not react
Small pieces will react when oxide layer is taken off
Al powder reacts when heated to form a white powder

30
Q

Zn reaction with steam

A

Reacts when heated
Glows as steam is passed over producing a yellow powder
Yellow powder becomes white when cooled

31
Q

Fe reaction with steam

A

Fe must be heated until it glows red before the steam is passed over
Reacts to form a black solid

32
Q

Further test after reacting Mg, Al, Zn and Fe in steam

A

Gas burns with squeaky pop

33
Q

Ca, Mg, Al, Zn reactions with acid

A

Bubbles of gas
Metal disappears quickly
Colourless solution formed
Test tube feels warm to the touch as heat is evolved
Rate of production of bubbles increases as you go up reactivity series

34
Q

Aluminium reacting with acid

A

Powdered Al is used as Al oxide layer adheres to surface of Al and protects it from reaction with acid. Al foil can be used if Al oxide layer is removed with scouring pad.

35
Q

Cu reaction in acid

A

No reaction - copper is very unreactive

36
Q

Why is the reaction between zinc and dilute HCl often used to produce hydrogen gas in a school laboratory?

A

Zinc metal reacts with HCl and gives a steady stream of gas, not too fast, not too slow

37
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

A displacement reaction is one where a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compound

38
Q

Reactivity series

A 
Potassium (please)
Sodium (send)
Lithium (little)
Calcium (Charlie's)
Magnesium (monkeys)
Aluminium (and)
Zinc (zebras)
Iron (in)
Tin (tall)
Lead (lead) 
Copper (cages)
Silver (securely)
Gold (guarded)

Chemistry⚗️ (12 decks)

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