UNIT V. FRAMEWORKS AND PRINCIPLES BEHIND MORAL DISPOSITION

Question 1

is a moral philosophy that teaches that an action is right if it is an action that a virtuous person would perform in the same situation

Answer 1

Virtue ethics

Question 2

is someone who acts virtuously and people act virtuously if they possess and live the virtue

Answer 2

Virtuous person

Question 3

those which the person with wisdom would choose because what is good is obvious to such a person.

Answer 3

Virtuous actions

Question 4

is a moral characteristic that an individual needs to live. These are the freely chosen character traits that people praise in others.

Answer 4

Virtue

Question 5

The four cardinal virtues(Greeks) are:

Answer 5

1. Wisdom
2. Courage
3. Moderation
4. Justice

Question 6

3 Christian virtues:

Answer 6

1. Faith
2. Hope
3. Charity
4. Love

Question 7

Humanity virtues:

Answer 7

1. Grace
2. Mercy
3. Forgiveness
4. Honor
5. Restraint
6. Reasonableness
7. Solidarity

Question 8

pertain to the excellence of the mind

Answer 8

Intellectual virtues

Question 9

pertain to a person’s disposition to act well

Answer 9

Moral virtues

Question 10

Aristotle’s ethical system may be termed. When someone acts in line with his nature or end and thus realizes his full potential, he does moral and will be happy

Answer 10

self-realizationism

Question 11

if focuses on happiness or the good for man and how to obtain it.

Answer 11

eudaimonistic

Question 12

act-oriented ethics is focused mainly on we what should do, a virtue ethics is interested basically in what should be, that is, the character of the sort of person we should struggle to become.

Answer 12

aretaic

Question 13

Properties or characteristics of natural law:

Answer 13

1. It is universal
2. It is obligatory
3. It is recognizable
4. It is immutable or unchangeable

Question 14

believes that all action are directed towards ends and that happiness is the final end.

Answer 14

Aquinas

Question 15

an ordinace of reason for the common good, promulgated by someone who has care of the community

Answer 15

Law

Question 16

refers to the rational plan of God by which all creation is ordered. To this eternal law, everything in the universe is subject

Answer 16

Eternal law

Question 17

that aspect of the eternal law which is accessible to human reason. It is the eternal law as far as it is made known by human reason.

Answer 17

Natural law

Question 18

refers to the positive laws. It pertains to the laws established by man according to the decrees of God.

Answer 18

Human law

Question 19

serves to compliment the other types of law. It is a law of revelation, disclosed through sacred text or scriptures and the church which is also directed toward man’s eternal end.

Answer 19

Divine law

Question 20

is derived from the Greek word, “deon”, when translated means “duty”.

Answer 20

Deontological

Question 21

It can be derived that the central focus of Kant’s framework is on duty, obligation and rights

Answer 21

duty framework

Question 22

states that what is useful is good and that the moral value of actions are determined by the utility of its consequences.

Answer 22

Utilitarianism

Question 23

The moral theory of utilitarianism is centered on what they call

Answer 23

principle of utility

Question 24

judges the rightness of an act in terms of an external goal or purpose. Its basis in the determination of what one ought or ought not to do rests exclusively on the consequence of the act.

Answer 24

Teleological ethical system

Question 25

proposes that actions, rules or policies should be ethically measured and evaluated by their consequences not by the intentions or motives of the agent

Answer 25

Consequentialist ethics

Question 26

argued that the right course of action is one that maximizes overall happiness. It puts forward that an action is right if it amplifies pleasures and minimize pain.

Answer 26

Utilitarian ethics

Question 27

focuses o the greatest happiness or the greatest good of the greatest number.

Answer 27

Utilitarian framework

Question 28

means that the property in any object, whereby it tends to produce benefit, advantage, pleasure, good or happiness or to prevent the happening of mischief, pain, evil or unhappiness

Answer 28

Utility

Question 29

the morally right action is the action that produces the most good. It states that an action is right insofar as it tends to produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number.

Answer 29

Principle of utility

Question 30

states that it is the greates happiness of the greates number that is the measure of right and wrong.

Answer 30

The greatest happiness principle

Question 31

considers the consequences of some particular act. The principle of utility is appied directly to evey alternative act in a situation of choice.

Answer 31

Act utilitarianism(particular actions)

Question 32

the one which brings about the best results or the least amount of bad results.

Answer 32

Right act

Question 33

considers the consequences of some practice or rule behavior. The principle is used to decide the validity of rules of conduct(moral standards or principles). Moral and immoral are then defined as following or breaking the rules.

Answer 33

Rule utilitarianism(general rules)

Question 34

Three types of love:

Answer 34

1. Erotic – constitutes passion
2. Philia – the love felt betwee friends
3. Agape – considered as the highest form of love and may be loosely translated as charity.

Question 35

demands an equal access to wealth, opportunities and privileges within society

Answer 35

Social justice

Question 36

concerned with the distribution or allotment of goods, duries and privileges in concert with the merits of individuals and the best interest of society.

Answer 36

Distributive justice

Question 37

posits that love is the absolute norm for determining whether an action is right or wrong. It tend to ask whether our actions was done as act of loving

Answer 37

Situation ethics