UNIT V. FRAMEWORKS AND PRINCIPLES BEHIND MORAL DISPOSITION Flashcards
is a moral philosophy that teaches that an action is right if it is an action that a virtuous person would perform in the same situation
Virtue ethics
is someone who acts virtuously and people act virtuously if they possess and live the virtue
Virtuous person
those which the person with wisdom would choose because what is good is obvious to such a person.
Virtuous actions
is a moral characteristic that an individual needs to live. These are the freely chosen character traits that people praise in others.
Virtue
The four cardinal virtues(Greeks) are:
- Wisdom
- Courage
- Moderation
- Justice
3 Christian virtues:
- Faith
- Hope
- Charity
- Love
Humanity virtues:
- Grace
- Mercy
- Forgiveness
- Honor
- Restraint
- Reasonableness
- Solidarity
pertain to the excellence of the mind
Intellectual virtues
pertain to a person’s disposition to act well
Moral virtues
Aristotle’s ethical system may be termed. When someone acts in line with his nature or end and thus realizes his full potential, he does moral and will be happy
self-realizationism
if focuses on happiness or the good for man and how to obtain it.
eudaimonistic
act-oriented ethics is focused mainly on we what should do, a virtue ethics is interested basically in what should be, that is, the character of the sort of person we should struggle to become.
aretaic
Properties or characteristics of natural law:
- It is universal
- It is obligatory
- It is recognizable
- It is immutable or unchangeable
believes that all action are directed towards ends and that happiness is the final end.
Aquinas
an ordinace of reason for the common good, promulgated by someone who has care of the community
Law
refers to the rational plan of God by which all creation is ordered. To this eternal law, everything in the universe is subject
Eternal law
that aspect of the eternal law which is accessible to human reason. It is the eternal law as far as it is made known by human reason.
Natural law
refers to the positive laws. It pertains to the laws established by man according to the decrees of God.
Human law
serves to compliment the other types of law. It is a law of revelation, disclosed through sacred text or scriptures and the church which is also directed toward man’s eternal end.
Divine law
is derived from the Greek word, “deon”, when translated means “duty”.
Deontological
It can be derived that the central focus of Kant’s framework is on duty, obligation and rights
duty framework
states that what is useful is good and that the moral value of actions are determined by the utility of its consequences.
Utilitarianism
The moral theory of utilitarianism is centered on what they call
principle of utility
judges the rightness of an act in terms of an external goal or purpose. Its basis in the determination of what one ought or ought not to do rests exclusively on the consequence of the act.
Teleological ethical system