UNIT II. FREEDOM, CULTURE AND VALUES Flashcards
the foundation of moral acts. It pertains to opportunities wherein we can choose.
Freedom
refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, beliefs, values, attitudes,
meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts
of the universe and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of
people in the course of generations through individual and group striving.
Culture
is the process by which individuals acquiere knowledge from
others in the groups to which they belong.
Social learning
is the process by which infants and children
socially learn the culture, including morality.
Enculturation or socialization
the most famous form of moral relativism. A theory in ethics which holds that ethical judgments have their origins either in individual or cultural standards.
Cultural relativism
fundamentally believes that no act is good or bad objectively
and there is no single objective universal standard through which we can evaluate the
truth of moral judgments.
Moral relativism
those values generally shared by cultures.
Universal values
enables man to change, to establish self-control and self-direction
Values
Kinds of Values
- Biological values
- Social values
- Rational values
these are necessary to the physical survival of man as an organism.
EX: food, health, shelter and work
Biological values
these are necessary to the sensual needs and fulfillment
Social values
these are necessary to the functions and fulfillment of intellect and will.
Rational values
are those that directly pertain to the function of intellect and will:
those choices, decisions and actions by which man’s rational faculties are
involved and perfected.
Moral values
