unit two- reformation

Question 1

Charles V

Answer 1

• holy roman emperor
• Philip II (Spain)’s Father
• catholic
• preoccupied with other parts of the empire, couldn’t focus on germany’s religious issues

Question 2

Transubstantiation

Answer 2

-bread and wine literally transform into the body and blood of Jesus (Catholic belief)

Question 3

consubstantiation

Answer 3

-bread and wine coexists with the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist

Question 4

Henry VIII

Answer 4

• England
• Broke from roman church because Pope Clement wouldn’t grant an annulment
• Anglican Church, Act of supremacy
• STILL CATHOLIC, just not a part of the church of Rome

Question 5

Act of supremacy

Answer 5

• 1533

- English parliament declared Henry VIII head of the Catholic Church of England

Question 6

English Reformation (people)

Answer 6

• Henry VIII- church breaks off but still catholic
• Edward VI- Zwingli, book of common prayer, Act of Uniformity
• Mary I- “bloody mary” very catholic, persecuted protestants
• Elizabeth I- elizabethan settlement, golden age, move to protestantism, 39 articles

Question 7

Peace of Augsburg

Answer 7

• Holy Roman Empire (Germany)
• Princes chose between Catholicism and Lutheranism
• forms the Catholic League and Protestant Union
• leads to the start of the 30 years war

Question 8

Ignatius Loyola

Answer 8

• warrior and founder of the Society of Jesus
• (Jesuits)warriors of the pope
• fought through education and persuasion in favor of the catholic church (Catholic Reformation)

Question 9

John Knox

Answer 9

-Aided in the spread of Protestantism (specifically Calvinism) to Scotland (presbyterianism)

Question 10

Elizabeth I

Answer 10

• England
• Elizabethan settlement
• politique
• new book of common prayer (vague and open to interpretation)
• 39 articles (cements these practices)
• golden age,
• supported the dutch,
• defends against Philip II’s Spanish Armada

Question 11

Jesuits

Answer 11

followers of the society of Jesus

• catholic
• generally nonviolent

Question 12

Edict of Worms

Answer 12

• Charles V calls Luther an outlaw

- bans the reading and production of his books under the jurisdiction of the empire

Question 13

Johann Tetzel

Answer 13

• Pope Leo X allows Tetzel to sell indulgences (medieval car salesman)
• fund the building of St. Peter’s Basilica
• luther responds with the 95 theses

Question 14

Catholic Reformation

Answer 14

movement to revive Catholic spirituality in Europe.

Question 15

Council of Trent

Answer 15

• RCC reaffirms traditional doctrines
• reforms actions (improves education for priests and celibacy).
• Originally to unite Protestantism and Catholicism but ultimately just reforms RCC.

Question 16

Peasant’s War

Answer 16

• Germany
• luther’s “priesthood of all believers” led them to revolt against high taxation and unfair jurisdiction of the church
• Luther wrote a book bashing the peasants and taking the side of the german princes, who protected him from Charles V

Question 17

Act of Uniformity

Answer 17

• set the order of prayer to be used in the English Book of Common Prayer
• All persons had to go to church once a week or be fined 12 pence, a considerable sum for the poor.
• Under Edward VI

Question 18

Philip II (Spain)

Answer 18

• “Catholic Protector”
• Charles V’s son
• inherits burgundy (netherlands)
• increased taxes, religious rules, and the inquisition.
• in revolt, the people destroy symbols of catholicism
• 10 provinces eventually join spain in the union of arras
• Philip was pissed at Elizabeth because she wouldn’t marry him,
• Philip wanted to restore a Catholic English Monarchy