isms

Question 1

humanism

Answer 1

• philosophy that defined the renaissance
• admired the ancient civilization
• believed in enjoying life
• glorified humans and individuals
• believed that humans should be center of all including participating in public affairs and government

Question 2

lutheranism/ protestantism

Answer 2

• justification by faith
• bible is sole authority
• people dont need clergy to interpret bible because they arent better than normal people
• consubstantiation
• ceremonies not in latin anymore

Question 3

mechanism

Answer 3

• scientific revolution

- belief that people should wonder how things work not why

Question 4

empiricism

Answer 4

• scientific revolution
• advocated by Francis Bacon
• believed in inductive reasoning

Question 5

rationalism

Answer 5

• scientific revolution
• advocated by Descartes
• deductive reasoning

Question 6

Cartesian dualism

Answer 6

• enlightenment

- descartes’s belief that there is a divide between religion and science

Question 7

romanticism

Answer 7

• believed that humans are unique
• emphasis on emotion
• humans are inferior to nature and cannot be controlled by it

Question 8

liberalism

Answer 8

• universal laws of nature
• stressed reason over emotion
• humans can be understood through natural laws

Question 9

conservatism

Answer 9

• justified status quo
• defended tradition and hierarchy
• humans couldnt believe anything

Question 10

political liberalism

Answer 10

• social, progress, economic development and the middle class
• hoped to achieve a free society governed by constitution that supported individual rights

Question 11

economic liveralism

Answer 11

• always supported by laissez faire

- applied supply and demand

Question 12

utilitarianism

Answer 12

• stressed role of state in society

- called for reform

Question 13

socialism

Answer 13

• despised competitive spirit (econ)

- wanted society for people to live harmoniously

Question 14

utopian socialism

Answer 14

-wanted a community where everyone worked together to help each other

Question 15

marxism

Answer 15

• attacked liberalism

- followed by socialists

Question 16

democratic socialism

Answer 16

-proletariat should take power through the democratization of government

Question 17

syndicalism

Answer 17

-advocated strikes and violence

Question 18

anarchism

Answer 18

-hated all forms of established authorites

Question 19

realpolitik

Answer 19

• bismarcks political actions/regime

- used war to create german unification

Question 20

capitalism

Answer 20

-economic policy of competition to increase wealth

Question 21

mercantilism

Answer 21

• the policy of using colonies overseas for trade
• used gold and silver as money
• colonies supply mother country with raw materials

Question 22

imperialism

Answer 22

-belief that more pwerful nations should police weaker nations

Question 23

fascism

Answer 23

• super reactionary
• demanded blind patriotism
• ignored individual rights instead thinking fo the welfare of the state
• liked violence

Question 24

totalitarianism

Answer 24

• describes the policy of stalin

- COMPLETE control

Question 25

nationalism

Answer 25

• a shared regional and cultural identiry
• movement towards modernization
• liberal- wated all nations to be unified and equal and led by people
• militaristic- associated with realpolitik and social darwinism- nations are not equal