Unit Two - Key Area 8

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

the maintenance of steady conditions within the body e.g. sugar levels in the blood

Question 2

Where are the adrenal glands located and what do they do?

Answer 2

located above the kidneys which release the hormone adrenaline

Question 3

How is body mass index calculated?

Answer 3

body mass divided by height squared

Question 4

What is glucagon?

Answer 4

hormone produced by the pancreas that stimulates the conversion of glycogen into glucose in the liver

Question 5

What is glycogen?

Answer 5

storage carbohydrate located in the liver and muscle tissues

Question 6

What is the glucose tolerance test?

Answer 6

a diagnostic test for diabetes - when an individual is given a glucose solution and changes in their blood glucose concentration are measured for at least the next two hours.

Question 7

What is haemorrhage?

Answer 7

rupture of blood vessels which may give internal bleeding

Question 8

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 8

Individuals produce insulin, but their cells are less sensitive to it.
Type 2 diabetes typically develops later in life. The likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in increased by being overweight.

Question 9

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 9

A person with type 1 diabetes is unable to produce insulin and can be treated with regular doses of insulin.
The onset of Type 1 diabetes usually occurs in childhood.