Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biochem 2 > Unit Two B And C > Flashcards

Unit Two B And C Flashcards

1
Q

How can glucokinase function at higher glucose levels

A

Not inhibited by glucose 6 phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase (increases or decreases) glycogen degradation

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

A

Acetyl CoA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pyruvate kinase activated by what allosterically

A

Fructose 1,5-bisphosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What enzyme turns pyruvate to oxaloacetate

A

Pyruvate carboxylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If AMP is high and ATP is low what occurs

A

Glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

HK 1 is expressed where

A

All tissues to different levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

glucokinase is expressed where

A

Liver and pancreatic B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why does pyruvate kinase becomes inactivated

A

Glucose depletion in liver only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Characteristics of hexokinase

A

Present in all tissues, high affinity for glucose, low Km, low Vmax, inhibited by glucose 6 phosphate, constitutive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the branches of glycogen

A

Alpha 1-4 and alpha 1-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What inhibits FBPase-2

A

Phosphoprotein phosphatase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate is produced from

A

Fructose 6-phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Synthesis of glycogen starts as

A

Glucose 6 phosphate to glucose 1 phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Deficiency in cori disease

A

4:4 transferase, or 1:6 glucosidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Function of Glut 2

A

In pancreas, regulation of insulin. In liver, removes excess glucose from blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What levels of ATP stimulate glycogen phosphorylase activity

A

Low ATP levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Glycogen is a polymer of

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In pompe disease, what deficiency leads to accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes

A

Lysosomal alpha 1-4 glucosidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What inactivated PFK2

A

CAMP dependent protein kinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What enzyme is used in glycogenolysis

A

Glycogen phosphorylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the deficiency in von gierke disease

A

Glucose 6 phosphatase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How do the glycosidic bonds in glycogen cleave during glycogenolysis

A

Cleavage of alpha 1-4 glycosidic bonds from non reducing end until 4 residues from branch point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What turns glucose one phosphate into UDP glucose

A

UDP pyrophosphorylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Glucokinase kM

A

Higher so responsive to higher concentrations of glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Comment of Glut 4

A

Amount in muscle plasma membrane increases with endurance training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

ATP regulates what enzyme

A

Phosphofructokinase-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Function of glucokinase

A

Clear blood glucose at higher concentrations of glucose for storage as glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What activates FBPase2

A

CAMP-dependent protein kinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What enzyme needed to make F2,6 bisphosphate

A

PFK-2

31
Q

What acts as an allosteric activator in glycogen synthase in the liver and muscle

A

Glucose 6 phosphate

32
Q

What protein serves as a nidus for glucose to attach and acts as an enzyme (glycogen synthase activity) to form a linear poly glucose chain containing at least 8 glucose units to serve as a primer for glycogen synthas

A

Glycogenin

33
Q

Cofactor for glycogenolysis

A

Pyridoxal phosphate

34
Q

What activates cAMP dependent protein kinase

A

Glucagon

35
Q

What enzyme turns pyruvate into acetyl CoA

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

36
Q

What are isozymes

A

Different enzymes that catalyze the same reaction

37
Q

If AMP is low and ATP high what occurs

A

Gluconeogenesis

38
Q

What is ATP in the commitment step in glycolysis

A

Substrate and negative effector

39
Q

Glycogen synthase requires

A

Glycogenin

40
Q

Glucose one phosphate becomes what in glycogenesis

A

UDP glucose

41
Q

Function of Glut 5

A

Fructose transporter

42
Q

What are the two alternative fates of pyruvate

A

New glucose or acetyl CoA

43
Q

Isozymes share similar

A

Sequences

44
Q

What activates phosphoprotein phosphatase

A

Insulin

45
Q

What are the linear form of glycogen

A

Alpha 1-4

46
Q

Size of glycogen

A

10^8 daltons

47
Q

Why do we not spend glucose in glycolysis

A

If there is plenty of ATP

48
Q

Tissue location of Glut 5

A

Small intestine

49
Q

Function of glycogen synthase

A

Elongation of glycogen fragment

50
Q

Deficiency in McArdle syndrome

A

Myophosphorylase

51
Q

Characteristics of glucokinase

A

Present in liver and pancreatic B cells, high Km, high Vmax, responds to changes in glucose concentrations, induced by insulin

52
Q

What is the allosteric inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase in the liver and muscle

A

Glucose 6 phosphate and ATP

53
Q

What is the branching enzyme for glycogenesis

A

4:6 transglucosidase activity

54
Q

Function of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate

A

Regulate glycolysis and gluconeogenesis

55
Q

Function of glycogenin

A

Synthesis of primer

56
Q

What are the three targets of insulin in myocte

A

Glut 4, hexokinase and glycogen synthase

57
Q

Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate inhibits

A

1,6-bisphosphatase (gluconeogenesis)

58
Q

Liver glycogen is used for

A

Blood glucose homeostasis

59
Q

Tissue location of Glut 2

A

Liver and pancreatic B cells

60
Q

What is the coenzyme for pyruvate carboxylase

A

Biotin

61
Q

What activates pyruvate carboxylase

A

Acetyl CoA

62
Q

If pyruvate becomes acetyl CoA it can

A

Store energy as body fat, make ATP via citric acid cycle

63
Q

How to make fructose 6-phosphate from F2,6BP

A

FBPase-2

64
Q

Pryuvate kinase allosterically inhibited by

A

ATP, acetyl CoA, long chain fatty acids and alanine

65
Q

Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate is not

A

A glycolytic intermediate but a regulator

66
Q

If pyruvate becomes glucose it can

A

Store energy as glycogen, generate NADPH vie pentose phosphate pathway

67
Q

Product of glycogenolysis

A

Glucose one phosphate and shortened glycogen fragment (limit dextrin)

68
Q

Acetyl CoA stimulates what

A

Glucose synthesis by activating pyruvate carboxylase

69
Q

What activates PFK2

A

Phosphoprotein phosphatase

70
Q

Muscle glycogen is used for

A

Fuel reserve for ATP synthesis

71
Q

Tissue location of Glut 4

A

Muscle and fat cells

72
Q

What is the commitment step in glycolysis

A

Fructose 6 phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

73
Q

Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate activates

A

Phosphofructokinase (glycolysis)

Biochem 2 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions