Unit Three: Periodic Table

Question 1

Facts about the periodic table:

Answer 1

Elements:
arranged by their electronic structure
in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell

Question 2

Group 1 - Alkali metals

What happens as you go down group 1?

Answer 2

The alkali metals:
become more reactive because the outer electron is more easily lost as it is further from the nucleus

have lower melting and boiling points

Question 3

What do alkali metals form and what with?

Answer 3

Ionic compounds

Non metals

Question 4

Group 7 - Halogens

What happens as you go down group 7?

Answer 4

The halogens:
are less reactive because it’s harder to gain an extra electron as the outer shell is further from the nucleus
have higher boiling and melting points

Question 5

Name the coloured vapours that the halogens produce:
Fluorine-
Chlorine-
Bromine-
Iodine-

Answer 5

Fluorine - poisonous yellow gas
Chlorine - poisonous dense green gas
Bromine - dense, poisonous, red-brown volatile liquid
Iodine - dark grey crystalline solid or a purple vapour

Question 6

What do halogens form and with what?

Answer 6

Ionic bonds

Metals

Question 7

What are transition elements?

Answer 7

Typical elements

Question 8

Name the properties of the transition elements:

Answer 8

Good conductors of heat and electricity
Very dense, strong and shiny
Much less reactive than group 1 metals
Much denser, stronger and harder than group 1 metals and have much higher melting points

Question 9

What are transition metals and their compounds good for?

Give some examples (3):

Answer 9

Being used as catalysts
Iron-used in the Haber process
Manganese(IV) oxide-decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
Nickel-turning oils into fats for making margarine