Unit Three Flashcards
Plants are used by humans for….
Food and Fibre
Definition: Fibre
Tissue of a plant
Other uses for plants are…(4)
Prevention of erosion
Cleaning and filtering water
Shelter
Using carbon dioxide and giving off oxygen
–% of the worlds food supply is based on seven crops.
75
What seven crops is the food supply in the world?(7)
Wheat Rice Maize(Corn) Potatoes Barley Cassava Sorghum
What comes from a cocoa tree?
Chocolate
What comes from Canola?
Vegetable Oil
What comes from Seaweed?
Ice cream and yogurt
What comes from sugar beets?
Sugar
Examples of plants and fibre are…(3)
Cotton
Hemp
Flax
There are more than —- medicines today made from plants.
7000
Morphine=
Opium poppies and pain killers
Aspirin=
White willow bark
Pain relief
Quinine=
Cinchona trees
Prevention of Malaria
Plants are also used for…
Fuel
Definition: Plant roots
Often the tip of the iceberg
What do roots do?(3)
Anchor the plant
Absorb water and minerals
Store food for the plant
Definition: Taproot
A single root with many more small roots coming out of it. Goes deep into the ground.
Definition: Root hairs
Tiny hairs that cover the small roots coming out of a taproot, they also increase the area the plant can absorb nutrients from
Definition: Fibrous roots
Small similar roots that soak up moisture
These are edible roots…(5)
Carrots Beets Turnips Radishes Parsnip
The difference between diffusion and osmosis is…
Osmosis is the movement of water, diffusion is the movement of water and gas
Definition: Differentially Permeable membrane
Let’s some through but some not
Function of a stem are…(3)
Transport water and nutrients
Provide support
Food storage
Types of stems are…(4)
Tuber(potato)
Corn(crocus)
Rhizomes(cattails
runner(Strawberry)
Definition: Leaves
The energy producers of the plant
Why are leaves green?
They are green because of the chlorophyll in them(from the pigment)
Definition: Chlorophyll
The pigment in plants that make them green.
Definition: Respiration
The process of plants releasing co2 and taking in o2 Always at night
Definition: Genes
The part of a cell that controls plants characteristics
Definition: Asexual and vegetative reproduction
Grafting
Layering
Cutting
Definition: Pollination
The process of pollen traveling to a female cone
Definition: Flowers
Job is to attract insects that will spread the plant pollen to other plants
The parts of a flower are…(7)
Ovule Stamen Pistil Petals Sepal Stigma Style Ovary
The stigma is…
Sticky tip of the pistil that catches pollen
Definition: Style
The tube connecting the stigma and the ovary
The ovary is…
A tiny chamber that holds the ovules(eggs)
What is a ovule
An egg
A stamen is…
Male part of a flower
A pistil is…
Female part of a flower
A petal is…
Usually brightly coloured
A Sepal is…
The green part found underneath the flower.
Each stamen has two parts the—-and the——.
Filament
Anther
The filament is…
The stalk
The anther is…
The tip, it produces pollen.
The first step of pollination is…
The pollen grain lands on the stigma.
The second step of pollination is…
A pollen tube grows down the style into the ovary and enters a ovule
The third step of pollination is…
The sperm travels down the tube to fertilize the egg
once a plant is pollinated, a—-is formed
Seed
Inside seeds is a l
Tiny living plant called an…
Embryo
Definition: Fruit
A growing ovary of a plant.
How are seeds are dispersed?(3)
Wind and water
Carried by animals and insects
Machines used by humans
Definition: Sustainability
Being able to grow food and fibre while keeping our natural systems healthy.
Crops in Alberta are…(8)
Specialty crops Alfalfa Potatoes Canola Legumes Oats Barley Wheat
Definition: Irrigation
Watering crops by pipes and sprinklers
Definition: Monoculture
Growing only one type of plant in a field
Definition: Erosion
Soil that is blown away by wind and water
Definition: Desertification
As result of a drought, desert takes over agricultural land
Five main factors for soil development are…(5)
Parent material Vegetation Landscape Climate Time
Definition: Humus
Very fertile land, holds water very well
Four things that break down dead organisms are…(4)
Bacteria
Fungi
Microscopic actinomycetes
Earthworms
Healthy plants require these six nutrients.(6)
Nitrogen Calcium Potassium Magnesium Sulfur Phosphorous
Salty soil is caused by…
Too little vegetation and to much water
Soil erosion is caused by…
To much cultivation
Definition: Hydroponic technology
Growing plants without dirt.
Why are dandelions plant pests?(5)
Powerful roots Broad leaves Super seeds Adaptable Chemical weapons
Definition: Introduced species
A species that is not common in the area
Pests can be controlled by…(4)
Herbicides
Pesticides
Insecticides
Fungicides
Definition: Organic food
Food grown without the use of pesticides or chemical fertilizers
Other methods that can replace “cides” are…(5)
Biological control Cleaning equipment Cutting weeds Removing weeds Sowing
