Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Unit Test > Flashcards

Unit Test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

which compounds have the same moleculer formula but different structures

A

isomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which of these compounds has the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms on it’s carbon chain

A

saturated hydrocarbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what shapes do hydrocarbons form

A

straight chains
branches chains
ring-shaped chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how many chemical bonds can each carbon atom form

A

four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a very large organic molecule made up of chains of smaller molecules is called a

A

polymer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

an element whose atoms can make straight chains, branched chains, and rings is

A

carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A carbohydrate is made up of the elements carbon and hydrogen, plus

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which class of organic compounds stores the most energy, gram for gram

A

lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

glucose is a monosaccharide with the chemical formula

A

C6
H12
O6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sucrose is an example of a disaccharide, it consist of

A

two monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A large carbohydrate consisting of many monosaccharides is a

A

polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all examples of

A

polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The reason humans cannot digest grass is because we cannot

A

break the beta bond form in cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

this type of chemical reaction results in the removal of a water molecule

A

dehydration synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A triglyceride is comprised of a

A

glyceryl head and three fatty acid tails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fatty acid tails are hydrophobic, which means

A

repel water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

consider a polysaccharide containing 46 monosaccharides, how many water molecules would have resulted from this bond

A

45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The addition of water resulting in the separation of a larger molecule into smaller molecules would be an example of

A

hydrolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the most abundant and important monosaccharide found in the body is

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

why are carbohydrates so important in life

A

they are an important source of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

name the 4 main elements that make up 95% of an organism

A

carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

name the 4 types of bonds carbon can from

A

single
double
triple
quadruple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are macromolecules

A

each small organic molecule can be a unit of a large organic molecule

24
Q

name the 4 classes of macromolecules

A

polysaccharides
lipids
protein
nucleic acid

25
Q

2 examples of nucleic acids

A

phosphate

nitrogen base

26
Q

what elements make up carbohydrates and lipids

A

carbon
hydrogen
oxygen

27
Q

name 3 elements your body needs trace amounts of for proper functioning

A

calcium
potassium
sulfur

28
Q

macromolecules are also known as ______________

A

polymers

29
Q

if all the macromolecules are made mainly of the elements CHO, how are they different

A

in different ratios this gives each compound different proteins

30
Q

name 2 ways your body uses carbohydrates

A

energy

structure and support

31
Q

what are the subnits called that make up carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides

32
Q

what is the ratio of C, H, and O in monosaccharides

A

1:2:1

33
Q

name 3 monosaccharides

A

glucose
fructose
galacose

34
Q

what are monosaccharides

A

simple sugars

35
Q

what are disaccharide

A

two simple sugars bonded together

36
Q

example of disaccharide

A

lactose
maltose
cellutose

37
Q

long chains of sugars are

A

polysaccharides

38
Q

example of a polysaccharide

A

cellutose
chitin
glycogen

39
Q

what subunits make up proteins

A

amino acids

40
Q

proteins also act as _______ in cells to control reactions

A

enzymes

41
Q

name the 2 functional groups in amino acids

A

carboxyl

amino

42
Q

cells have __________ of enzymes to act as biological __________

A

thousands

catalysts

43
Q

enzymes have an attachment site called the _________ site for the ________ to join

A

active

enzyme

44
Q

what is the effect of excess heat or temperature on an enzyme

A
  • a change in the pH form neutral

- change the shape of the enzymes and their active sites is the enzyme is unable to work

45
Q

amino acids are linked together to make proteins by removing a molecule of ________ in a process called _______

A

water

condensation

46
Q

chains of amino acids make _________ which can join together to make a _______

A

polypeptide

proteins

47
Q

________ bonds form when water is removed to hold _______ acids together

A

peptide

amino

48
Q

lipids are non-polar. what does this mean

A

won’t dissolve in water

49
Q

what is another name for carbon compounds

A

organic compounds

50
Q

which class of polymers present in living things consist of chains of amino acids

A

lipids

51
Q

which element is found in protein but not carbohydrates or lipids

A

nitrogen

52
Q

The joining of two amino acids will result in a single

A

peptide bond

53
Q

A long chain of amino acids is referred to as a

A

polypeptide

54
Q

polymers of proteins are all synthesized from monomers by which process

A

The removal of water

55
Q

what stage in protein folding would cause an error or mistake cause the damage

A

primary

56
Q

two nucleic acids responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information are

A

DNA

RNA

57
Q

what type of bond exists between a phosphate group and a sugar of a nucleic acid

A

phosphodiester

Science (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions