Unit: Rocks

Question 1

What do Geologists look at?

Answer 1

mineral composition, color and texture of the rock

Question 2

What does color give scientist?

Answer 2

provides clues to the rock’s mineral composition

Question 3

What are 2 examples of color info?

Answer 3

granite- light colored rock having high silica
basalt-dark colored rock that is low in silica

Question 4

What is a rock’s texture

Answer 4

look and feel of the rocks surface which is made up of the minerals or other fine rocks( grains)

Question 5

What are the 3 grains?

Answer 5

grain size, shape, and pattern

Question 6

What 3 groups to scientist classify rocks in?

Answer 6

sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic

Question 7

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 7

created by magma or lava when it cools or crystalizes( obsidian)

Question 8

How does sedimentary rocks form?

Answer 8

forms when rocks are broken down and joins together has rocks, plants, animals all pressed together

Question 9

How is metamorphic rock formed?

Answer 9

forms when existing rock is changed by heat and pressure or chemical reactions

Question 10

What are the 5 properties of minerals?

Answer 10

1.solid under normal conditions
2.naturally occurring
3.crystalline structure
4. definite chemical composition
5.inorganic substances

Question 11

characteristic- color

Answer 11

used to identify a few minerals that have their own mineral color

Question 12

characteristic- streak

Answer 12

color of the minerals powder

Question 13

characteristic- luster

Answer 13

how light reflects off surface

Question 14

characteristic-density

Answer 14

how dense it is

Question 15

Characteristic hardness

Answer 15

how easily minerals break on surfaces

Question 16

characteristic-crystal system

Answer 16

used to form structure of minerals

Question 17

characteristic- cleavage

Answer 17

if a mineral breaks easily on flat surface

Question 18

characteristic-fracture

Answer 18

when a mineral breaks apart in an irregular way

Question 19

What is a geode?

Answer 19

rounded, hollow rock, that is often lined with mineral crystals

Question 20

what is crystallization

Answer 20

process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure

Question 21

crystallization of magma/lava

Answer 21

minerals form as hot magma-cools inside the crust or as lava hardens under the surface

Question 22

crystallization of materials dissolved in water

Answer 22

when elements and compounds that are dissolved in water leave a solution

Question 23

what is a gemstone

Answer 23

hard colorful mineral that is glassy in luster; one cut/polished it is called a gem

Question 24

What are metals

Answer 24

minerals are the source of metals

Question 25

what is ore

Answer 25

rock that contains a metal or other useful minerals that is mined and sold for a profit

Question 26

What are 2 types rocks are formed?

Answer 26

extrusive, intrusive

Question 27

what is extrusive formation

Answer 27

lava cools outside the ground

Question 28

what is intrusive

Answer 28

magma cools under the surface

Question 29

what is sediment

Answer 29

small, solid, pieces of matter that comes from rocks, animals, plants

Question 30

what is foliated

Answer 30

metamorphic rocks that have thta have their grains organized in a parallel layer/bands

Question 31

what is non-foliated

Answer 31

minerals grains’ are arranged randomly