Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology 1010 > Unit One Test > Flashcards

Unit One Test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Psychology

A

the scientific study of behavior and mental process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Behavior

A

any movement or posture produced by and individual that influences its relationship to the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mental Process

A

things such as thinking and feeling that can’t be directly observed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tabula Rasa

A

the idea that at birth, human minds are a blank slate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Structuralism

A

the idea that certain smaller elements combine to create the entire mental experience (Wilhelm Wundt who established the first psychology lab in German in late 1800’s and his student Edward Titchener)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Introspection

A

individuals describe their mental processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Gestalt Psychology

A

idea that the whole of perception is greater than the sum of the parts (Max Wertheimer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Functionalism

A

how does a behavior assit an organism with survival and/or reproduction in its environment (based on Darwin’s idea, William James this was his idea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Behaviorism

A

the idea that since the mind can’t be directly observed only observable behavior should be studied

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

modern study of mental process such as problem solving or memory (Ulric Neisser)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Psychoanalytic Theory

A

behavior is the result of unconscious and often conflicting desires ‘psychodynamics’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Humanism

A

emphasizes free will of people to choose their own behavior states that people are innately good until corrupted with society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Biological Perspective

A

examines the physical causes for behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Evolutionary Psychology

A

takes the history of the species into consideration when examining behavior. Asks how a behavior (currently or in the past) assists with survival/reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Developmental Psychology

A

how behavior changes across the lifespan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Social Psychology

A

how other people affect thoughts and behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Clinical Psychology

A

identify and treat abnormal behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Individual Differences

A

studies the varieties of behavior instead of averages associated with the study of personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the Nature of Science?

A
  • Determine what the claim is
  • What evidence is there to support the claim?
  • Are there other ways to look at the data?
  • Are there other data that would be useful?
  • Whats the best conclusion?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the goals of psychology?

A
  • describe behavior
  • predict behavior
  • explain behavior
  • control behavior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the scientific method?

A
  • test hypothesis
  • analyze and interpret data
  • reject/revise hypothesis
  • peer review
22
Q

Correlation Coefficient

A

Value between -1 and 1 that indicates the strength of the correlation between two variables

23
Q

Independent Variable

A

the researchers manipulates

24
Q

Dependent Variable

A

a variable that is potentially changed as the result of the experiment

25
Q

Between Subjects

A

different subjects appear in groups that differ with respect to the independent variable

26
Q

Within Subjects

A

the same subjects are measured before and after a treatment and the measurement are compared (tested at different times)

27
Q

Confounding variables

A

any other variable that might affect an outcome

28
Q

Cohort Effect

A

historical factor that influence an age group

29
Q

Validity

A

the extent to which a study actually measures the concept it is suppose to measure

30
Q

Inter-Rater Reliability

A

how likely it is that 2 people take the same measurement and get the same outcome

31
Q

Descriptive Statistics

A

mean, median and mode

32
Q

Standard Deviation

A

a measure of variability that tells us how tightly clustered the scores are around the mean (low scores are tightly clustered, high means it’s more spread out)

33
Q

Genotype

A

the complement of genes (heredity) a particular organism has

34
Q

Phenotype

A

observable characteristics of an organism

35
Q

Alleles

A

different versions of a gene

36
Q

Heritability

A

the portion of phenotypic variation in a population that can be attributed to genotypic variation (Natural Selection can only act on traits that can be heritable)

37
Q

‘R’ the Coefficient of Relatedness

A

the statistical probability that individuals share a particular gene in common as the results of recent common descent

  • parent/offspring/siblings=.5
  • aunts/uncles/niece/nephew=.25
  • grandparent/half-siblings=.25
  • identical twin=1
  • first cousins=.125
38
Q

MHC-Major Histocompatibility Complex

A

suite of genes that affect the immune systems

39
Q

Neurons

A

nerve cells, transmit and process information in the neurons systems

40
Q

Soma

A

cell body of the neuron that contains the nucleus

41
Q

Dentrite

A

branched structure attached to the soma that receives information from the terminal buttons of the neurons

42
Q

Axon

A

thin, cylindrical structure that conveys information from the soma to its terminal buttons

43
Q

Terminal Buttons

A

bud at the end of the axon that sends information to another neuron

44
Q

Astroglia

A

form a mesh in which neurons are suspended, assist with passage of chemicals from blood to neurons

45
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

send out extensions that wrap around axons with myelin (fatty insulating substance)

46
Q

Action Potential

A

electrical impulse that travels down the axon of a neuron and leads to chemical communication with another neuron

47
Q

Synapse

A

a junction between the terminal button of one neuron and the membrane of another neuron

48
Q

Synaptic Vesicle

A

contain neurotransmitters, fuse with the neuronal membrane to release neurotransmitters into synapse

49
Q

Receptors

A

channel in the receiving membrane that receives neurotransmitters

50
Q

Reuptake

A

neurotransmitters return to their original neuron and are take back in some are broken down by enzyme are reused

Psychology 1010 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions