Unit One: Protista

Question 1

What are protists?

Answer 1

• Eukaryotes
• Very diverse(65-200 thousand species)
• “Garbage dump” kingdome

Question 2

Examples of protista are?

Answer 2

Paramecium, amoebas, diatoms, algae, euglena

Question 3

What are characteristics of protists?

Answer 3

• Appeared about 1.5 billion years ago
• All eukaryotic
• Most unicellular, some multicellular
• Some reproduce asexualy(binary fission) and some reproduce sexually(conjugation)
• Most live in water, damp areas and animal fluids
• Fungi, plants and animals evolved from protists

Question 4

What are protists classified on?

Answer 4

1. How they obtain nutrients
2. How they move

Question 5

What are the three methods of obtaining nutrients?

Answer 5

Photoautotrophs - Use chloroplasts to photosynthasize. i.e. Algae
Heterotrophes - Injest food particles from outside environment. i.e. Paramecium
Mixotrophes - Injest food particles AND photosynthasize. i.e. Euglena

Question 6

What are the 5 methods of movement that protists use?

Answer 6

Psuedopods - “false feet” (amoeba)
Cilia - short hair like projections (paramecium)
Flagella - long hair like projections (euglena)
Passive - move using wind or water currents
Spores - use host to move

Question 7

What are the three groups of protists?

Answer 7

Plant-like
Animal-like
Fungi-like

Question 8

What are plant-like protists(Algae)?

Answer 8

• Called Algae
• Contain chlorophyll, meaning that they photosynthasize
• Most are autotrophic, some are mixotrophs
• Mostly reproduce asexually, sometimes sexually
• Live in wet moist areas
• Dinoflagullates and zooflagellates (plankton) is the base of most aquatic food chains
• Phytoplankton supply 2/3 of the worlds oxygen and are used in agar(meds)

Question 9

What are the 4 types of plant-like protists?

Answer 9

1. Euglenoids(phylum Euglenophyta)
2. Diatoms(phylum Bacillariophytes)
3. Dinoflagellates(phylum Dinoflagelleta)
4. Algae(phylums Chloropyta, Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta, Chrysophyta)

Question 10

What is a red tide?

Answer 10

When algae reproduces quickly, they can give water a red color. They also start to release a toxin that contaminates the water, crayfish and humans, causing illness.

Question 11

What are animal-like protists(Protzoans)?

Answer 11

• Called Protzoans
• Unicellular
• Reproduce via binary fission
• Heterotrophs

Question 12

4 phyla of protzoans(animal-like protists)

Answer 12

1. Cercozoans(move using pseudopods) i.e. Amoeba
2. Ciliates(move using cilia) i.e. Paramecium
3. Flagellates(move using 1 or 2 flagella) i.e. Euglena
4. Sporozoans(passive movement)(alla are parasitic) i.e. Malaria

Question 13

What are fungi-like protists?

Answer 13

• Resemble fungi in appearance and lifestyle
• Heterotrophes
• Decomposers
• Reproduce asexually through spores
• Prefer cool, moist places