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Bio > Unit One: Plants and Fungi > Flashcards

Unit One: Plants and Fungi Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are Plants?

A
  • Autotrophs
  • Sessile
  • Breath through epidermal cells and stoma
  • Have cell wall with cellulose
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2
Q

What are bryophytes?

A

Bryophytes are small seedless plants such as mosses. They live in occasionally wet environments as they need water to reproduce because they reproduce through swimming sperm and eggs. Do not have vascular tissue.

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3
Q

What is a vascular tissue and why is it important?

A

The vascular tissue is the xylem and phloem of a plant. It helps the plant to transport nutrients across the whole plant. This allows the plant to great heights as well as help develop strong tissue, such as wood.

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4
Q

What are gymnosperm?

A

Gymnosperm are plants that produce cones, are coniferous and have a shallow root system. i.e. pine, spruce

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5
Q

What is a seed?

A

A seed is a plant stucture containing both an embryo and food supply. It has an outer protective layer called the seed coat.

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6
Q

What are angiosperm?

A

Angiosperms are plants that produce a flower which they use to reproduce. i.e. banana plant, strawberry bush

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7
Q

What is the purpose of fruit?

A

The function of fruit is to disperse the seeds of the plant.

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8
Q

What are fungi?

A
  • Eukaryotes
  • Multicellular(most) or unicellular(i.e. yeast)
  • Heterotrophes
  • Have a cell wall containing chitin
  • Reproduce sexually and asexually
  • Important because they break down organic matter and decompose
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9
Q

What are the parts of a mushroom?

A
  • Scales
  • Cap
  • Gills
  • Ring
  • Stem
  • Cup
  • Mycelium
  • Hyphae
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10
Q

What are the three types of fungi reproduction?

A
  • Budding
  • Fragmentation
  • Sporulation
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11
Q

What is budding?

A

Budding is when the fungus developes offspring as a growth on the body of the parent. Simplest form of asexual reproduction.

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12
Q

What is fragmentation?

A

A mycelium that becomes fragmented or disturbed can grow into a new colony.

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13
Q

What is sporulation?

A

The most important form of fungi reproduction. Spores are released into the air by air currents that carry the spores to start the next generation of fungi.

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14
Q

How do fungi aquire nutrients?

A

They release enzimes that break down the nutrients and then soak the enzimes back up through their network.

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15
Q

What are the 4 classifications for fungal nutrition?

A
  1. Parasitic
  2. Preditory
  3. Mutalistic
  4. Saprobial
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16
Q

What are parasitic fungi?

A

Fungi that absorb nutrients from living cells or host. Live INSIDE the organism.

17
Q

What are preditory fungi?

A

Fungi that have specialized mycelia that can trap prey such as worms and absorb their nutrients.

18
Q

What are mutalistic fungi?

A

Fungi that grow on the plants and protists to form a “partnership.” They cover the root of the plant and increase the absorptive surface of the plant, increasing nutrient uptake.

19
Q

What are saprobial fungi?

A

Fungi that breakdown and feed on dead organisms or organic waste. Decomposers.

20
Q

What are the four types of fungi?

A
  1. Case-like fungi
  2. Sac-like fungi
  3. Club-like fungi
  4. Imperfect fungi
21
Q

What is case-like fungi?

A
  • The fuzz on rotten food
  • Multicellular
22
Q

What is sac-like fungi?

A
  • Develope finger-like sacs during sexual reproduction
  • Parasitic and saprobial
  • i.e. yeast, mildew
23
Q

What is club-like fungi?

A
  • The ones we eat
  • Release spores to reproduce
  • i.e. mushrooms
24
Q

What are imperfect fungi?

A
  • Don’t reproduce sexually
  • Important source of pharmaceuticals
  • i.e. athletes foot, penicillium
25
Q

Pros of fungi?

A
  • Can be eaten or used in food
  • Decompose organic matter
  • Used to make meds
26
Q

Cons of fungi?

A
  • 30% are parasitic
  • Can cause diseases or illnesses
  • Some are deadly to consume

Bio (7 decks)

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