Unit One Pectoral Region Flashcards
The mammary glands contain what
Glandular tissue, lactiferous ducts and connective tissue (adipose)
The pectoral region consists of
Superficial compartment and deep compartment
Mammary glands are what type of glands
Apocrine
The supraclavicular nerves originate from
C3 and C4 of the cervical plexus
What nodes receive 75% of the lymph from the breast
Anterior axillary nodes
Lactiferous ducts open onto
Nipple
The intermediate supraclavicular nerve innervates
Pectoral and deltoid region skin
The deep compartment of the pectoral region contains
Muscles, associated structures, nerves and vessels
What are the muscles of the pectoral region
Pectoralis major, minor and subclavius
How many stages of breast cancer
4
What are the biggest arterial supply of the breast
Lateral thoracic and internal thoracic artery
The lateral supraclavicular nerves innervates
Upper and posterior shoulder skin
What type of joint is sternal angle
Secondary symphysis
Breast cancer symptoms
Thickened breast tissue, lump, pain in armpit or breast, redness of skin, Change in texture, pitting or dimpling of skin, sinking or inverting nipple, rash around nipple, discharge from nipple, change in size or shape of breast
The internal thoracic artery that supply the breast are
The mammary branches
Mammary glands contain what ligaments
Suspensory
The breast are innervated by
Intercostal nerves 2 through 6
What type of joint is the first rib attached to sternum
Primary
The pectoral region anchors what
Upper limb to axial skeleton
The superficial compartment of the pectoral region contains
Skin, superficial fascia and breast
What are the nerves that supply the anterior thoracic wall cutaneous
Supraclavicular nerves and intercostal nerves
Cutaneous nerve supply of the posterior thoracic wall
Posterior rami of thoracic spinal nerve
The axillary attires that supply the breast are
Superior thoracic artery, thoracoacromial artery, lateral thoracic artery, subscapular artery
What is the subcategory of internal thoracic nodes that receives lymph from the breast
Parasternal nodes
What are the two hormones associated with the mammary gland
Prolactin and oxytocin
What determines stage of breast cancer
Size of primary tumor, site of tumor, number and sites lymph node spread, metastasis to other organs
The anterior chest wall contains what
Suprasternal notch, first rib, sternal angle, xiphisternal joint, costal margin, subcostal plane and apex beat
What are the three branches of the supraclavicular nerves
Medial (anterior), intermediate (middle) and lateral
Subcostal plane is located where
L3
The breast extends transversely from
Sternum to mid axillary line (axillary process or tail)
What are the three arterial supplies of breast
Intercostal, axillary and internal thoracic artery
What are the four quadrants of the breast
Superior lateral, superior medial, inferior lateral, inferior medial
The intercostal arteries that supply the breast are
2nd to 4th intercostal arteries
Apex beat found where
5th intercostal space
Prolactin regulated by
Hypothalamus
Sternal angle located at
T4/T5
What type of joint is xiphisternal joint
Secondary
The medial supraclavicular nerve innervates the
Medial infraclavicular region skin
Sternal angle AKA
Manubriosternal joint
What region is superficial to the anterior thoracic wall
Pectoral region
The suspensory ligaments in the breast run from
Dermis of skin to deep fascia
Mammary gland contains how many lobes
15 to 20 lobes
Breasts lie in
Superficial fascia anterior to pectoralis major
The breast consists of
Mammary glands and associated skin and connective tissue
The breast extend from where
Vertically from ribs 2 to 6
Function of prolactin
Hormone responsible for milk production
Apex beat AKA
Apical impulse
What are the three nodes that receive drainage from the breast
Anterior axillary, internal thoracic, and intercostal nodes
What part of the breast quadrant most susceptible to cancer
Superior lateral
Oxytocin function
Hormone responsible for milk ejection and uterine contractions
Xiphisternal joint located at
T9/T10
Oxytocin regulated by
Posterior pituitary
