Unit One, Chapter Six - Transition Metals, Electronic Configuration, And Oxidation Numbers Flashcards
The oxidation number in a free or uncombined element is…
Zero
Explain why chromium and copper atoms are exceptions to the aufbau principle
Chromium and copper atoms only have one electron in their 4s subshell (all other transition metals have 2 elections in their 4s subshell)
Define transition metals
A transition metal is a metal that, in at least one of its stable ions, has a partially filled d subshell
List the general properties of transition metals
- Atoms or ions with an incomplete d subshell
- can form complexes
- have variable oxidation states
- show catalytic ability
- form coloured ions
Compounds containing metals in a low oxidation state tend to be…
Reducing agents
Compounds containing metals in a high oxidation state tend to be…
Oxidising agents
What is the relationship between reduction and oxidation number?
Reduction can be described as a decrease in oxidation number
What is the relationship between oxidation and oxidation number?
Oxidation can be described as an increase in oxidation number
The algebraic sum of all the oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion=?
The charge on the ion
The algebraic sum of all oxidation numbers in a molecule=?
Zero
In compounds, fluorine always has the oxidation number…
-1
The oxidation numbers of oxygen and peroxides are…
Oxygen = -2
Peroxides = - 1
The oxidation numbers of hydrogen and hydrogen in metallic hydrides are…
Hydrogen = +1
Hydrogen in metallic hydrides = -1
For ions consisting of single atoms, the oxidisation number is…
The same as the charge on the ion
