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HOE > Unit One > Flashcards

Unit One Flashcards

1
Q

Adipose Tissue

A

Used for the storage of fat.

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2
Q

ANAPHASE

A

When the chromosomes move away from each other to opposite poles during meiosis or mitosis.

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3
Q

ANTERIOR

A

Nearer to the front

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4
Q

ATOM

A

The basic unit of a chemical element.

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5
Q

ATP

A

Energy present in all living tissue.

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6
Q

BLOOD PH

A

7.35-7.45

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7
Q

CELLS

A

Smallest structural and functional unit of life.

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8
Q

CHARGED PARTICLE

A

A particle that is either positive or negative.

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9
Q

CHEMICAL ENERGY

A

That part of the energy in a substance that can be released by a chemical reaction.

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10
Q

CHEMICALS IN BODY

A

Almost 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of the six elements oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium. All are necessary to life. The remaining elements are trace elements.

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11
Q

CILIA

A

Hair like extensions of cells that aid in some movement and move substances in one direction across the cell surface.

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12
Q

COLLAGE

A

A combination or collection of various things.

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13
Q

COMPONENTS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A

Connective tissue are composed of (1) extracellular fibres, (2) an amorphous matrix called ground substance, and (3) stationary and migrating cells.

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14
Q

COMPOUNDS

A

2 or more elements chemically united.

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15
Q

CONCEPTS OF CELL THEORY

A
  1. All life is composed of cells. 2. Cells are the smallest living unit. 3. Cells come from preexisting cells.
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16
Q

CONFIDENTIALITY

A

The requirement of keeping something secret.

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17
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A

Connects, supports, binds, or separates other tissue or organs.

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18
Q

DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY

A

The branch of anatomy that studies structural changes of an individual from fertilization to maturity.

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19
Q

DIFFUSION

A

The flow of particles across a cell membrane from more concentrated to less.

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20
Q

DISTAL

A

Away from the center of the body.

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21
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribose nucleic acid

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22
Q

ELECTRICAL ENERGY

A

Result from the movement of charged particles.

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23
Q

ELECTRONS

A

Negative particles around an atom.

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24
Q

ELEMENT

A

Specific atom

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25
Q

ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM

A

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell.

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26
Q

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

A

Involved in protein and lipid synthesis. Catalyzes reactions in various organs.

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27
Q

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

A

Membranous tissue covering internal organs and other internal surfaces of the body.

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28
Q

FACTORS INFLUENCING CHEMICAL REACTIONS

A

Temp, concentration, irritation, enzymes.

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29
Q

FILTRATION

A

Works on a pressure passage from high to low.

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30
Q

FLAGELLA

A

A whiplike extension of a cell used for movement.

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31
Q

FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE

A

Digestion, excretion, growth, maintenance of boundaries, metabolism, movement, responsiveness, and reproduction.

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32
Q

FUNCTIONS OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

A

Made of heart, blood vessels, and blood. Heart pumps blood. Blood vessels transport blood throughout the body.

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33
Q

FUNCTIONS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

A

Oral cavity, stomach, esophagus, small and large intestines, rectum, anus, and liver. Digestion, break down, absorb, expel. Eliminates indigestible food stuffs as feces.

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34
Q

FUNCTIONS OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

A

Glands that secrete hormones into the blood stream.

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35
Q

FUNCTIONS OF INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

A

Forms the external body covering. Composed of the skin, sweat glands, oil glands, hair, and nails. Protective and synthesizes vitamin D. Chief sensory organ.

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36
Q

FUNCTIONS OF MUSCULAR SYSTEM

A

Made of muscles and tendons. Allows control of movement. Maintains posture. Produces heat.

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37
Q

FUNCTIONS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

A

Made of brain, nerves, spinal cord. Fastest acting control system. Responds to stimuli by activating muscles and glands.

38
Q

FUNCTIONS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

A

Made of nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and lungs. Keeps blood supplied with oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide.

39
Q

FUNCTIONS OF SKELETAL SYSTEM

A

Composed of bone, cartilage, and ligaments. Protects and supports body organs. Provides framework for muscles. Site of blood cell formation. Stores minerals.

40
Q

FUNCTIONS OF URINARY SYSTEM

A

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Eliminates waste. Regulates water, electrolytes, and pH balance in blood.

41
Q

GROSS ANATOMY

A

Branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and tissues visible to the naked eye.

42
Q

HEALTH

A

The state of maintaining well being.

43
Q

HISTOLOGY

A

The study of the microscopic structure of tissue.

44
Q

HOMEOSTASIS

A

Equilibrium

45
Q

HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCE

A

Diseases that result from a homeostatic imbalance include diabetes, dehydration, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, gout, and any disease caused by a toxin present in the bloodstream. As one gets older they’re more prone.

46
Q

HYPERTONIC SOLUTIONS

A

Solutions having greater solute concentration than that of the cytosol.

47
Q

ILLNESS

A

A disease or period of sickness affecting the body or mind.

48
Q

INFERIOR

A

Low or lower position

49
Q

IONIC BOND

A

A chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains an electron to form a negative ion.

50
Q

IRRITABILITY

A

State of being irritable

51
Q

LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE

A

Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.

52
Q

MAKE UP OF CYTOSOL

A

70-85% water with dissolved salts, sugars, and other solutes. Protein makes up 10-20%. And lipids.

53
Q

MAKE UP OF PLASMA MEMBRANE

A

Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and carbohydrates.

54
Q

MAKE UP SEROUS MEMBRANES

A

Made up a thin layer of mesothelium covering connective tissue. Mesothelium is formed from a single layer of flattened cells, while connective tissue consists of many layers of cells.

55
Q

MECHANICAL ENERGY

A

Directly involved in moving matter

56
Q

MEDIAL

A

Situated near the medium plane of the body.

57
Q

METAPHASE

A

When the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell during mitosis or meiosis.

58
Q

MICRO ANATOMY

A

The study of the microscopic anatomy of cells

59
Q

MICROTUBULES

A

Hollow shaped tubes made from protein called Tubulin. Overall shape of cell. It’s a transport system within cells.

60
Q

MICROVILLA

A

Tubular extensions coming off the plasma membrane made of the protein actin. Increases the surface area for absorption.

61
Q

MITOCHONDRIA

A

Energy source of the cell. Cellular respiration. Own DNA.

62
Q

MITOSIS

A

nuclear/cellular division

63
Q

MIXTURES

A

Two or more components intermixed, not chemically bonded.

64
Q

MUSCLE TISSUE

A

Long-cylindrical multinucleate cells with obvious straights. Initiates and controls voluntary movement.

65
Q

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK

A

Output shuts off original stimulus.

66
Q

NUCLEOLI

A

A small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of the cell during interphase.

67
Q

OBLIQUE

A

Neither parallel nor perpendicular to the long axis of the body or limb.

68
Q

ORGANIZATION OF HUMAN BODY

A

Atomic, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal.

69
Q

ORGANS

A

2 or more tissues working together for a specific function.

70
Q

OSMOSIS

A

Diffusion of water

71
Q

PHAGOCYTOSIS

A

Intake of substances into the cell that are too big to go across the membrane.

72
Q

PHARMACIST

A

A person who is qualified to prepare and dispense medicinal drugs.

73
Q

PHYSICAL THERAPIST

A

A health career where the person uses massage, heat treatment, and exercise rather than drugs for injurys or recovery.

74
Q

PHYSIOLOGY

A

Study of the function of the body’s structural machinery.

75
Q

PLANES OF BODY

A

Sagittal (divides body into right and left), Coronal (divides body into anterior and posterior), Transverse (superior and inferior), and Oblique (diagonally).

76
Q

POSITIVE FEEDBACK

A

Presence brings amplification.

77
Q

POTENTIAL ENERGY

A

Stored

78
Q

PROMOTION AND PREVENTION

A

Promotion is to maintain health. Prevention is to stay away from illness.

79
Q

PROPHASE

A

When chromosomes thicken and nuclear envelope disappears.

80
Q

PROTONS

A

Positive part of the atom

81
Q

PROXIMAL

A

Nearer to the center of the body

82
Q

RADIANT ENERGY

A

Energy traveling in waves.

83
Q

RIBOSOMES

A

Protein synthesis

84
Q

RNA

A

Ribonucleic acid

85
Q

SUPERIOR

A

Top or higher

86
Q

SURVIVAL NEEDS

A

Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temp, and atmospheric pressure.

87
Q

SYSTEMIC ANATOMY

A

Gross anatomy of the body studied by system.

88
Q

TELOPHASE

A

When two new cells and nucleuses are forming.

89
Q

TISSUE REPAIR

A

Epithelial repairs fastest. nervous tissue cannot repair. Muscle takes longer to heal than bone.

90
Q

TISSUES

A

Consists of similar types of cells.

HOE (7 decks)

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