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Pharm > Unit IV Med Review > Flashcards

Unit IV Med Review Flashcards

1
Q

Metformin Trade Name

A

Glucophage

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2
Q

Metformin Category

A

Biguanides

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3
Q

Metformin Use

A

Type 2 DM

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4
Q

Metformin Dose

A

500 mg bid initially, then 1000 mg bid (max 2500mg/day)

Or 850mg qday initially, then 850mg bid-tid

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5
Q

Metformin AE

A

CI: CKD- Men SCr > 1.5, Women SCr > 1.4, acidosis, hypoxia, dehydration, IV contrast

AE: GI side effects diarrhea/abdominal cramping, lactic acidosis (rare), Vitamin B12 deficiency

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6
Q

Insulin Trade Name

A

Humulin R

Novolin R

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7
Q

Insulin Category

A

Insulin

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8
Q

Insulin Use

A

Type 1 DM

Type 2 DM

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9
Q

Insulin Dose

A

DM1: 0.5-0.6 U/kg/day initially,
then 0.5-1 U/kg/day divided (1/2 basal, 1/2 prandial)

DM2: 0.1-0.2 U/kg/day

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10
Q

Insulin AE

A

Hypoglycemia, weight gain, mitogenic effects, injection
site reactions, atrophy or hypertrophy of subcutaneous
fat tissue

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11
Q

Glipizide Trade Name

A

Glucotrol

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12
Q

Glipizide Category

A

Sulfonylureas

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13
Q

Glipizide Use

A

Type 2 DM

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14
Q

Glipizide Dose

A

2.5-5 mg qd initially, then 1-4 mg qd

Usual dose: 5-20 mg qday (max 40mg qday)

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15
Q

Glipizide AE

A

Hypoglycemia, weight gain, blunts myocardial ischemic

conditioning, low durability

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16
Q

Exenatide Trade Name

A

Byetta, Bydureon

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17
Q

Exenatide Category

A

GLP-1 receptor

agonist

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18
Q

Exenatide Use

A

Type 2 DM

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19
Q

Exenatide Dose

A

Initial: 5 mcg sq bid within 60 min ac
Usual:10 mcg sq bid (increase after one month; if BG not controlled then increase to 1.2 mg qday, then 1.8 mg qday

20
Q

Exenatide AE

A

GI side effects (N/V), acute pancreatitis (C-cell

hyperplasia/medullary thyroid tumors in animals)

21
Q

Pioglitazone Trade Name

A

Actos

22
Q

Pioglitazone Category

A

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)

23
Q

Pioglitazone Use

A

Type 2 DM

24
Q

Pioglitazone AE

A

Weight gain, edema, cause or worsen heart failure (2x increased risk), bone fractures, ↑bladder cancer risk

CI: class III/IV heart failure

25
Q

Sitagliptin Trade Name

A

Januvia

26
Q

Sitagliptin Category

A

DPP-4 Inhibitor

27
Q

Sitagliptin Use

A

Type 2 DM

28
Q

Sitagliptin AE

A

Urticaria/angioedema, pancreatitis

29
Q

Levothyroxine Trade Name

A

Synthroid,
Levothroid,
Levoxyl

30
Q

Levothyroxine Category

A

Synthetic T4

31
Q

Levothyroxine Use

A

Hypothyroidism

32
Q

Levothyroxine Dose

A

1.7 mcg/kg/day
> 50 or CV dz: 25-50 mcg po qday
> 50 w/ CV dz: 12.5-25 mcg po qd
Myxedema coma: 300-500 mcg IV

Take on empty stomach 30 min before meal

33
Q

Levothyroxine AE

A

HTN, tachycardia, insomnia, diarrhea, excessive doses can lead to Heart failure, angina pectoris, MI, reduced bone density

Allergic or idiosyncratic rxns rare

CI: acute MI, thyrotoxicosis, adrenal insufficiency

34
Q

Methimazole Trade Name

A

Tapazole

35
Q

Methimazole Category

A

Antithyroid Agent

36
Q

Methimazole Use

A

Hyperthyroidism

37
Q

Methimazole AE

A

Major (1.5-4.6%): agranulocytosis (in first 3 mo of
therapy), arthralgias and lupus-like syndrome (usually after 6 mo), GI intolerance, hepatotoxicity: MMI usually in first 3 months

Minor (5-25% incidence): pruritic maculopapular rash, arthralgias, fevers, benign transient leucopenia; cross sensitivity of minor AEs ~50%

CI: pregnancy

38
Q

Orlistat Trade Name

A

Xenical Rx

Alli OTC

39
Q

Orlistat Category

A

Anorexiant/ Lipase Inhibitor

40
Q

Orlistat Use

A

Weight loss

41
Q

Orlistat Dose

A

Rx: 120 mg tid with each meal containing fat
OTC: 60 mg

42
Q

Orlistat AE

A

CI: Chronic malabsorption syndrome or cholestasis, pregnancy

AE: GI: oily or loose stools, fecal urgency/incontinence, bloating and gas, may worsen with increased fat in the diet, Interference with absorption of some fat-soluble vitamins (D, E and β carotene), rare cases of severe liver injury with hepatocellular necrosis or acute hepatic failure, rare acute kidney injury

43
Q

Phentermine/Topiramate Trade Name

A

Qsymia

44
Q

Phentermine/Topiramate Category

A

Anorexiant/AED

45
Q

Phentermine/Topiramate Use

A

Weight Loss

46
Q

Phentermine/Topiramate AE

A

AE: dizziness, insomnia, tingling in hands/feet, impaired cognition, may increase resting HR, suicidal ideation, cognitive impairment

CI: pregnancy, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, with or within 14 days of MAOI, hx of CV disease

Pharm (9 decks)

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