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SOSE 1F > UNIT II VOCAB > Flashcards

UNIT II VOCAB Flashcards

1
Q

Politics

A

the struggle to power (government)

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2
Q

Media

A

the main means of mass communication

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3
Q

Political Party

A

Organized groups of people with common values and goals who compete to get candidates elected and to form government

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4
Q

Authoritarian

A

a form of decision making or government system in which one person holds all power

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5
Q

Representative Democracy

A

A democracy in which citizens periodically elect others to represent them in government

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6
Q

Municipality

A

A town or district that has a local government

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7
Q

Majority

A

when the party in power has more than ½ of the seats, it is a majority government

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8
Q

Bill

A

A written proposal for a law that is presented to a legislature or a parliament for approval

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9
Q

Premier

A

Leader of a provincial government

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10
Q

Proportional Representation

A

An electoral system in which the number of seats each political party receives is proportional to the number of votes they gained

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11
Q

Grassroots

A

Political actions taken by ordinary people and organizations at the local level

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12
Q

Referendum

A

a direct yes-no vote on a particular issue, policy or law

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13
Q

Chief Electoral Officer

A

The head of Elections Canada, an independent, non-partisan agency that administers an electoral event

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14
Q

Criminal Code of Canada

A

Sets out laws protecting society from criminal action, give federal government responsibility to bring offenders to trial and explains punishment

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15
Q

Plaintiff

A

The person, or party, who sues in a civil case

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16
Q

Summary Offence

A

a minor criminal offence

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17
Q

FLQ

A

Front for the Liberation of Quebec; terrorist group in Quebec who killed and kidnapped cabinet members, wanted separation of Quebec

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18
Q

Restorative Justice

A

-

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19
Q

Pressure Group

A

a group of citizens who act together to influence government policy

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20
Q

Direct Government

A

citizens debate and vote on laws that affect them

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21
Q

Royal Assent

A

Approval by the monarch or the monarch’s representative that turns a bill passed by a legislature into a law

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22
Q

Consensus

A

A group decision reached through discussion to which all group members agree

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23
Q

Minority

A

When the party in power has less than ½ of the seats, it’s a minority government

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24
Q

Mayor

A

The head of a municipal government in a town or a city

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25
Q

Prime Minister

A

The head of the elected government

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26
Q

FPTP

A

(First Past The Post), party with most elected candidates take power to government

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27
Q

Resolution

A

a decision or position on an issue taken by a group

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28
Q

Reform

A

Changes made to improve something

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29
Q

Scrutineer

A

Members of the political parties that are participating in a ballot that go to voting places to witness that his/her party has been treated fairly be the elections

30
Q

Criminal Law of Canada

A

Group of laws that deals with acts or offences against soceity

31
Q

Defendant

A

the person charged in a criminal case or being sued in civil case

32
Q

YCJA

A

(Youth Criminal Justice Act); outlines consequences for lawbreakers between ages 12-17

33
Q

Strike

A

When workers refused to work

34
Q

Sentencing Circle

A

A custom in aboriginal justice in which the offender comes before a circle of the victim and the community take responsibility for harm the offender caused. Through consensus, circle decides on a punishment

35
Q

House of Commons

A

Building in Ottawa where elected members of Canada’s federal government meet to discuss and pass law, sometimes called the Lower House

36
Q

Mediation

A

To help parties involved in a conflict negotiate a mutual agreeable solution. The mediator must be a third party that is not involved in the dispute

37
Q

Arbitration

A

To decide or settle a dispute

38
Q

Ideology

A

Right (Conservative); Manages income, traditional, family, military
Center (Liberal); Concerned with equality and rights, moderate and flexible
Left (NDP); socially concern, not bound by tradition, dislikes status quo

39
Q

Egalitarian

A

Based on the principal of equality among all people, especially political, economic and social life

40
Q

Senate

A

The legislative branch of federal governments that is composed of senators, who are appointed by PMs, sometimes called the Upper House

41
Q

Coalition

A

An alliance between two parties

42
Q

Speaker of the House

A

An elected representative who is selected to act as a referee to enforce the rules of parliament conduct and debate

43
Q

MLA

A

(Members of Legislative Assembly), decide for their assigned province

44
Q

Stakeholder

A

A person who will be affected by a decision

45
Q

Policy

A

A plan of action in order to achieve a goal made by political parties

46
Q

Platform

A

a formal written statement that outlines a political party’s policy

47
Q

Poll Clerk

A

Counts votes and makes sure that election was done properly, identifies people at the door

48
Q

Civil Law

A

protects private rights; concerned with disputes between individuals regarding property, personal relationships, contracts and ownership

49
Q

Summons

A

Documents that states the reasons why you’re suing and damages you’re seeking

50
Q

Habeus Corpua

A

The right to know why you’re being arrested

51
Q

Lockout

A

When a company refuses to allow workers to work

52
Q

Healing Circle

A

A traditional approach in Aboriginal justice in which the offender admit guilt to the victim and tries to reconcile with the victim and the community

53
Q

Government

A

A group of people who provide services, leadership and protection

54
Q

Parliament

A

Another name for the legislative branch, who has the power to make laws

55
Q

Constituency

A

the body of voters represented by an elected legislator or official

56
Q

Democracy

A

A form of decision reached through discussion to which all group members agree

57
Q

Constitution (& parts)

A

BNA Act of 1867 (sets out parts, power and function of the 3 branches), Charter (states the rights and responsibilities of Canadian citizens) and the Amending formula (if changes are to be made, 7/10 provinces must agree and those 7 provinces’ population must equal ½ of Canada’s population)

58
Q

Caucus

A

Private Meetings called by each Party

59
Q

Cabinet

A

Elected MPs that are selected by the PM to oversee a government department

60
Q

Official Opposition

A

The party with the second largest number of seats in the legislative body

61
Q

MP

A

(Member of Parliament), the elected representatives of the people who sit in the federal house of commons

62
Q

Petition

A

A formal request signed by members of the public and presented to the legislators or other authoritarians in support of persons or ideas

63
Q

Statute

A

A law that has been written and passed by a legislature

64
Q

Amendment

A

Changes made to an existing or to a bill in process of being made into a law

65
Q

Entrenched

A

to be given extra protection by being part of the constitution

66
Q

Crown

A

The lawyer representing the state in a criminal case, refers to head of state; Queen

67
Q

Indictable Offence

A

a serious or severe offence against the Criminal Code of Canada, contrast; summary offence

68
Q

Labour Relations Act

A

-

69
Q

Union

A

an organization made up of workers that want to improve working conditions and wages

70
Q

Probation

A

A suspended prison sentence that allows offenders to live in their community, supervised by a probation officer. Person on probation must abide by certain conditions

71
Q

Negotiation

A

To try to reach agreement through talking

72
Q

Citizenship

A

Membership in a political community, such as a country, includes rights, duties and responsibilities

SOSE 1F (6 decks)

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