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oral pathology > Unit II > Flashcards

Unit II Flashcards

1
Q

most common site is mandibular mucosa, cheek, lip, tongue. Elevated or flat white lesion often from trauma. 71% of all white lesions of the oral mucosa twice more common in men.

A

Benign hyperkaratosis

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2
Q

clinical definition: white, opaque, leathery lesions appearing not clinically identifiable from other white lesions

A

Leukoplakia

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3
Q

leukoplakia with dyskeratosis. Usually elevated or flat, possibly fissured some with ulceration or areas of erythema. WOULDNT KNOW IT WAS THIS UNLESS IT WAS BIOPSY & CELLS CAME BACK AS ABNORMAL

A

Dysplastic leukoplakia

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4
Q

Thin, white keratotic film over the lower lip, pinpoint red erosive areas predisposes to cancer of the lip. DAMAGE BECAUSE OF SUN RELATED ISSUES> UVB RAYS,

A

Solar cheilitis

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5
Q

congenital keratosis, familial white folded gingivostomatitis. Usually bilateral does not hurt. White Thickened soft spongy always involving cheek mucosa harmless lesion.

A

White sponge Nevus

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6
Q

cheek bite

A

Morsicatio Buccarum

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7
Q

can be reticular or erosive. Primarily a skin lesion. Raised white lines and dots. (WICKAMS STRIA= white lines mst times flat.) Cause is unknown can happen anywhere WRISTS ANKLES, GENITALS, & ORAL. Exerbatted by stress. Comes & goes as it pleases

A

Lichen Planus

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8
Q

Which kind of lichen planus is the most common in the mouth?

A

Reticular

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9
Q

What form of Lichen Planus is painful & troublesome?

A

Erosive

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10
Q

irritants caused by heat nicotine or cold nicotine. red mucosa turning to white mucosa, papules with central red dots corresponding to the inflamed mucous gland ducts.

A

Nicotine stomatitis

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11
Q

non inflammatory red velvety texture. usually found on the floor of the mouth or soft palate no surface keatin

A

Erythroplakia

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12
Q

what percentage of erythroplakias show malignant changes upon biopsy

A

60%

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13
Q

in children 1-3 yrs manifests itself as gingivostomatitis. Vesicles rupture and produce painful ulcers. ETIOLOGY IS: HSV.

A

Primary herpes simplex infection

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14
Q

VZV

A

herpres zoster (Shingles)

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15
Q

cytomegaly virus

A

CMV a salivary gland disease, kaposis’s sarcoma

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16
Q

epstein bar virus

A

infectious mononucleosis bukett’s

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17
Q

reactivation from a primary infection. Reactivation agents may include flu, emotional upset, tissue manipulation, fever. lasts about 10-14 days. on lip, palate

A

Recurrent herpes lesion

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18
Q

vesicle, ulcer, rash is often preceded by pain of several days. Most limited to the 5th nerve distribution. Etiology is the HSV. Effects 20% of adults.

A

Herpes zoster

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19
Q

what are some oral complications of herpes zoster

A

bacterial super infection, therapeutic arthralgia, odontalgia, & alveolar bone necrosis

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20
Q

on salivary gland bearing area, red nodule of plaque that ulcerates increased in sizee, 1-2 weeks to heal can leave a scar Unknown etiology. ALWAYS UNBOUND TISSUES WET SIDE ONLY NON MASTICATORY TISSUES NON CONTAGIOUS

A

Apthous ulcer

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21
Q

apthous ulcer that has moved to your hands around fingernail?

A

Heretic whitlow

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22
Q

mycobaterium ———— Most often in underdeveloped countries. BOVINE type- most often in the past and in developing countries.

A

TB

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23
Q

Syphilis is caused by what

A

spirochetete- treponema pallidum

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24
Q

STD primarily lesion chancre, oral lesion is a swelling which breaks down and forms and ulcer and regional lymphadentis which resolves in 2-3 weeks

A

syphilis

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25
Q

describe the secondary lesion for syphilis

A

weeks to months, flu like sympotoms mucous patch highly infectious

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26
Q

describe the third stage of syphilis

A

tertiary stage 1-20 years gumma, chronic inflammation white patches, gossitis congenital syphilis.

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27
Q

What oral effects does syphilis have? (placental passage)

A

notched incisors, tooth and malfomation, and saddle nose etc

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28
Q

most common fungal infection in oral cavity

A

Oral candidiasis (YEAST)

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29
Q

pseudomembranous pertaining to oral candidiasis

A

thrush, smooth creamy, white or yellow, most common not coating could wipe off.

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30
Q

erythematous (atrophic) pertaining to oral candidiasis

A

red patches. white off yeast and its red underneath.

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31
Q

Hyperplastic (pertaining to oral candidiasis)

A

cant be wiped off. RARE discolored because of staining.

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32
Q

red fissues radiating from corners of the mouth, often covered by psuedomembrane, Vit B or Iron deficiency can cause

A

angular cheilitis ( Perleche)

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33
Q

what can decrease the host defense and give oral candidiasis

A

drug therapies, antibiotics, suppress oral flora glucocorticosteroids, HIGH CORRELATION WITH HIV PEPS.

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34
Q

What are the most prevalent species in oral candiasis

A

candida albicans and glabrata tropicalis

35
Q

Caused HPV 6 & 11 cause warts

A

ORal Verruca Vulgaris

36
Q

Ectopic sebaceous gland, found in the lamina propria of Oral Mucosa. discreet yellow creamy spots 1-2mm diameter or larger irregular patches. Mostly on buccal mucosa along occlusal plane. MOSTLY AFTER PUBERTY more likely in males. 82% of pop has. considered normal

A

Fordyce granules

37
Q

raised, white irregular line on buccal mucosa at level of occlusal plane. thought to be a reaction to bruxism or clenching. NO TX needed

A

linea alba

38
Q

bilateral white-gray film on buccal mucosa which will NOT rub off. more often in dark pigmented individuals & older people.

A

Leukoedema

39
Q

chemicals may cause damage through a systematic ( allergice reaction to drug) reaction or a local reaction (mucosal contact). edema, papular vesicular or bulbous lesion, erythema, itching and varying degrees of pain

A

Chemical Damage

40
Q

chemicals causing a local reaction include?

A

Aspirin, iodine, sodium per borate, hydrogen eroxide, mercury etc

41
Q

erythema, pain and subsequent white patches and ulcerations trauma to oral mucosa.

A

Burns and trauma

42
Q

veins on the ventral suraface of tongue and floor of mouth. may be viably superficial veins appears as blue, variable tortuous in their course

A

prominint lingual veins. Lingual Vericosities

43
Q

inherited disease resulting in clusters of capillary with enlarged ends. flat or slightly raised erythematous patches. occur in lips, gingiva and buccal mucosa. LIL ReD DOTS ON LIPS

A

heredity telangectasia

44
Q

acute inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membrane. 10-20 day duration. extensive red lesions which tart as vesicles, proceed through the bullae stage and onto ulcers. Covered with yellow gray membrane.Target shaoed lesions on skin and palms and soles. UNKOWN CAUSE lips and lateral side of tongue. HYPERSENSITIVITY reaction.

A

ERythema Multiforme

45
Q

rare skin and mucous membrane disease.5 year mortality rate. Vulgaris form often exhibits oral lesions as first sign… Cause is unknown. decreased adhesion of epithelial lamina propria junction and loss of cell adhesion in the prickle cell layer and vesicle formation within epitherlial

A

8-10% 5 year mortality rate Pemphigus

46
Q

rub skin or mucous membrane and vesicles appear

A

nikolosky test rub

47
Q

localized, hyperothokeratosis, may develop into cancer Sun Related

A

Actinic Keratosis- karatin plaque

48
Q

rare in oral cavity, selected types of include: intradermal, junctional, compound,blue,juvenile,

A

Pigmented Cellular Nevus

49
Q

flat,dark brown color, pigment cells in basal layer, most likely to change to melanoma

A

junctional nevus

50
Q

slightly elevated often hair in it, rarely proceeds to malignant state chords of pigmented cell in the lamina propria

A

Intradermal. ( common mole)

51
Q

combo of intra and junctional potential to turn into melanoma

A

compound nevus

52
Q

appears blue from deep in submucosa

A

blue nevus

53
Q

found in children, slightly elevated brown to black

A

juvenile melanoma

54
Q

most frequent in mid aged women, over production of collagen, autoimmune disease, skin becomes smooth, glossy and fixed to underlying tissue, facial movement becomes limited, icreased pigmentation

A

scleroderma

55
Q

chronic form is a skin disease characterized by oral lesions in apporximately 25% of the cases. autoimmune causing damage to small vessel walls. acute form can affet kidney and heart. skin rash with butterfly wing shape over bridge of the nose and the zygoma. ORAL LESIONS ARE WHITE,LINEAR,OVAL WITH EROSIVE AREAS

A

Lupus erythematosus

56
Q

caused by HIV transmitted through semen, vaginal fluids, blood or blood products, from infected mother to fetus, INFECTS CDd4+T Lymphocytes.

A

Aids

57
Q

what percent of people with what disease experience apthous ulcers?

A

100, AIDS

58
Q

what percent of people with what disease experience necrotizing ulcerative perio?

A

95,AIDS

59
Q

what percent of people with what disease experience Intraoral kaposis sarcoma?

A

93 AIDS

60
Q

what percent of people with what disease experience herpes simplex (long standing)

A

87 aids

61
Q

what percent of people with what disease experience hairy leukoplakia

A

70 aids

62
Q

what percent of people with what disease experience candidiasis

A

70 aids

63
Q

may occur as individual growths or as a cluster of papillomas. Papillomatosis of the palate. fingerlike growths of epithelium outward from the surface of the mucosa. DONT KNOW UNLESS BIOPSY. ROUGH, FIRM, EXOFITIC, PEDUNCULATED BASE. TX IS SURGERY.REOCCURENCE NOT HIGH.

A

Papilloma (Benign epithelial neoplasm)

64
Q

overgrowth as a reaction to chronic irritation. smooth surface with same coloar as the surrounding mucosa. relatively firm with palpation, most frequent on tongue and buccal mucosa, slow growth. Treatment is removal, sessile Base, MORE COMMON. FLUCTANT.

A

Fibroma (benign connective tissue tumors of the soft tissues.

65
Q

reparative over growths EX: Epulis Fissuratum

A

connective tissue hyperplasisa and hypertrophy

66
Q

Epulis fissuratum: over growth of cells or hypertrophy due to trauma. Ex: ill fitting denture

A

epulis fissuratum

67
Q

fat cells supported in a connective tissue stroma, soft on palpation, common in floor of mouth and buccal mucosa, may have a faint yellow appearance IDIOPATHIC

A

lipoma

68
Q

overgrowth of neuron elements. occur singly or multi. ( NERVE CELLS)

A

Neurofibroma ( non connective tissue benign tumors)

69
Q

excess capillaries on surface of tissue. neoplastic from blood vessel endothelium.

A

Hemangioma

Kinds: portwine and cavernous

70
Q

type of hemangioma that is present at birth, flat, variable in size, purple to red in color. (flaming nevus of the face)

A

port wine stain (flaming nevus of the face)

71
Q

type of hemangioma that is distended endothelial lined spaces filled with blood. blanch on pressure, pulse can be felt in lesions, purple color, soft on palpation, CONTAINS BLOOD. HAVE To SURGICALLY REMOVE. usually from trauma but can be born with

A

Cavernous hemangioma

72
Q

keratotic plaque, ulcer with crust, raised lesion with central ulceration and rolled borders, red velvety lesion, on palpation it is hard, fixed to underlying tissue, most common on floor of mouth lateral border and ventral surface of the tongue. most common oral cancer lesion seen on lip in men 60+ yrs. invasion of underlying connective tissue (lamina propria) usually well to medium differentiated.

A

squamous cell carinoma (epidermoid carcinoma)

73
Q

where does squamous cell carcinoma metastasis to?

A

lip to the submental nodes.

74
Q

lesion characteristics are the same those of carcinoma except that the basement membrane has been breached

A

Carcinoma in situ

75
Q

malignant melanoctyes are primary cell type. are in oral cavity, bluish black or grey lesion

A

melanoma

76
Q

midline atrophy of papilla of the tongue. Could be a result from a fungal infection. not a serious lesion

A

median rhomboid glossitis

77
Q

congenital defect failure of union of two sides of the tongue

A

bifid tongue

78
Q

broad and short lingual frenum

A

anklyoglossia (tongue tied)

79
Q

deep grooves in the dorsum of tongue

A

fissured tongue (scrotal tongue)

80
Q

ekibgation of filiform papilla on dorsum of the tongue. stains, destruction of normal oral flora with fungus overgrowth and stimulartion of papilla overgrowth. PROLONGED ANTIBIOTICS CAN HELP FORM IT

A

hairy tongue

81
Q

red lesions surrounded with grey borders. red areas migrate from place to place on the dorsum of the tongue.

A

benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue)

82
Q

lingal of the tongue. dark lingual veins under tongue

A

varicose veins

83
Q

absence or loss of filiform papilla, b vit deficiency or iron.

A

atrophic glossitis (atrophic without growth)

oral pathology (5 decks)

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