Test III abnormalities of the teeth

Question 1

Fully formed tooth is made of how many tissues? What are they?

Answer 1

enamel, dentin,cementum, pulp. 4

Question 2

it is a rest of malaise (something that is left over) Something gets left over and triggered to grow. & it starts effecting teeth. It is rare. 80% in mandible with 60% at the angle. loose teeth in the area. multilocular radiolucency. (mini circles on xray) Very destructive with cases reported leading to death

Answer 2

Ameloblastoma

Question 3

multiple small teeth called BLANK? compltely formed teeth to bizarre malformed teeth. each is enclosed in a fibrous tooth sac. the whole cluster is also enclosed in a fibrous sac.

Answer 3

multiple small teeth are called DENTICLES. the condition is COMPOUND ODONTOMA

Question 4

slow growing fibrous connective tissue with irregular zones or calcified material which has characteristics of cementum. small radiolucency.

Answer 4

ODONTOGENIC CEMENTOMA OR CEMENTIFYING FIBROMA

Question 5

where the root canal terminates at an opening called what? The main vessels and nerves of the pulp leave and enter the pulp through this foramen. The pulp needs nutrients because it is alive!

Answer 5

Apical foramen

Question 6

pain which does not occur spontaneously, is usually initiated by some stimulus such as cold, hot, sweet etc. usually short in duration.

Answer 6

Sensitive tooth ( hyperemia)

Question 7

disease is acute in nature, but histological appearance of acute inflammation seldom occurs.irreversible pulp damange. pain is poorly localized. LOCALIZED PAIN,HEAT AND COLD NO LONGER ELICIT PAIN, PAIN IS SPONTANEOUS, GENTLE BITING SOMETIMES GIVES RELIEF.

Answer 7

abcess

Question 8

type of really bad abscess, when infection breaks through the cortical plate.

Answer 8

Cellulitis

Question 9

closed pulpitis, pulpal inflammation, may flare up from time to time and recede.

Answer 9

chronic pulpitis

Question 10

a condition in which the pulp tissue is exposed to the oral cavity through a opening in the pulp chamber. most often caused by large carious lesion. Pain is not generally a factor.

Answer 10

Chronic Open pulpitis

Question 11

area of apical bone destruction is filled with granulation( Connective tissue) the reparative phase predominates over the other phases of the inflammatory process (BONE IS REFILLED)

Answer 11

chronic apical granuloma

Question 12

the periapical cavity is lined with epithelium. will not heal even if root canal is done because connective tissue cannot infiltrate the cyst, so no granulation tissue with subsequent bone formation can occur

Answer 12

apical cyst

Question 13

pigmentation from pigments which are produced by the body. These stains discolor the internal portions of the teeth.

Answer 13

INTRINSIC STAIN

Question 14

most prevalent cause of intrinsic stain.

Answer 14

tetracycline

Question 15

these drugs bond with the calcium hydroxyapatite and are incorporated into the dentin and enamel of developing teeth. Stains are yellow, gray, brown or even purplish. Should not be administered to pregnant women or children younger than 8

Answer 15

tetracycline

Question 16

intrinsic staining in developing teeth when ingested in drinking water. when concentration exceeds five parts per million. appears as brown, tan and opaque white areas. Produces mottled enamel

Answer 16

Fluoride (Fluorosis)

Question 17

intrinsic stain formed from leaking of red blood cells from pulpal vessels and the subsequent breakdown products of those cells entering the dentinal tubules. Results in BLACK TEETH. sometimes due to trauma

Answer 17

blood pigments

Question 18

pigmentation from pigments which add a layer of stained material to the surface of the tooth.

Answer 18

extrinsic stains

Question 19

most common type of extrinsic stains?

Answer 19

stained calculus and dental plaque.

Question 20

stains that come primarily from colored food substances such as coffee, tea, cola, and tobacco products.

Answer 20

Brown stain

Question 21

stains that are caused by chromogenic bacteria?

Answer 21

brown, green orange, and some black.

Question 22

chlorhexidine mouth rinse causes what kind of stain?

Answer 22

brown.

Question 23

failure of the initiation of tooth development results in either complete absence of any teeth or more commonly a partial absence of the dentition.

Answer 23

Complete anodontia

Question 24

usually involves permanent teeth only. Missing. often results in primary tooth retention

Answer 24

partial anodontia (oligodontia)

Question 25

what teeth are most often missing in partial anodontia?

Answer 25

at least one third molar in missing 25% population.maxiallary lateral incisors, mandibular second premolar.

Question 26

when they think that the perm tooth is missing & its not. delayed eruption or impaction can cause.

Answer 26

pseudoanodontia

Question 27

extra teeth which are most often found in the maxiallary midline, third molar area, and maxillary canine.

Answer 27

supernumerary teeth

Question 28

extra teeth found in the max midline

Answer 28

mesodens

Question 29

teeth that can be smaller than normal. most often upper lateral incisors.

Answer 29

microdontia

Question 30

uncommon usually limited to single teeth. big tooth

Answer 30

macrodontia

Question 31

when two individual tooth buds join during development.

Answer 31

fusion

Question 32

a single tooth germ attempts to form two teeth

Answer 32

gemination

Question 33

invagination of the enamel into a deep groove in the tooth.

Answer 33

dens in dente

Question 34

a sharp bend in the root of a tooth

Answer 34

dilaceration

Question 35

an elongation of the mid portion of the tooth and shortened roots

Answer 35

taurodonitism

Question 36

joining of two teeth roots with cementum union

Answer 36

concrescense

Question 37

incomplete or defective formation of enamel including incomplete mineralization of calcifying enamel. found in both primary and perm teeth. linera bands that appear white or stained. areas of enamel may be missing resulting in yellow areas.

Answer 37

Enamel hypoplasisa ( CHANGING SHAPE or quality of enamel)

Question 38

hereditary enamel hypoplasia in which all teeth in both dentition are effected. most if not all enamel is missing

Answer 38

amelogenesis imperfectia

Question 39

color is a form of enamel hypoplasia. enamel is of normal thickness, but appears as white, chalky, and mottled with a rough and flaking surface.

Answer 39

hypocalcification (COLOR CHANGE)

Question 40

hereditary disease characterized by excess imperfectly formed dentin deposited in the pulp chamber. PULP CHAMBER OBLITERATED, TEETH VITAL, CONSTRICTION OF THE CEMNTO ENAMEL JUNCTION CREATION A BELL SHAPED CROWN, TEETH MAY BE GRAY OPALESCENT HUE,

Answer 40

dentinogenesis imperfecta

Question 41

normal wear of biting surfaces by mastication. more pronounced in bruxism and people eating a rough diet
dentin layer is often exposed with subsequent staining. wear patterns are usually SHINY AND FIRM

Answer 41

attrition

Question 42

the pathologic wearing away of tooth surfaces by mechanical means. abrasive conditions and agents include porcelain in opposition to natural teeth, tooth picks , tooth brushes, hair pins, etc.

Answer 42

abrasion

Question 43

dissolution of tooth by chemical means or frictional intraoral forces. eroded areas appear hard smooth shiny, often at labial or bucal surfaces.

Answer 43

EROSION

Question 44

a special case of erosion of the lingual enamel and dentin of the lingual of the upper incisors caused from regurgitation

Answer 44

perimyolysis

Question 45

blow to teeth resulting in tooth fracture or loss of tooth. anterior teeth more susceptible.

Answer 45

acute physical injury

Question 46

pressure on teeth causes what

Answer 46

external RESORPTION

Question 47

inflammation infection previous trauma may lead to? tooth may look like its turning pink

Answer 47

INTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION

Question 48

in impacted teeth reduced enamel epithelium covers the crown of the eruption tooth does not fuse with the oral epithelium as in normal eruption MOST OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH IMPACTED THIRD MOLARS. usually seen as small cysts on xrays well defined pericoronal radiolucencies.

Answer 48

dentigerous cyst

Question 49

seen as well defined radiolucencies not directly associated with a tooth. seen in areas of previous tooth extraction. seldom reoccur after removal.

Answer 49

Residual cyst

Question 50

radiographic appearance mimics other types of odontogenic cysts. may be large, small single or multilocular, slow but persistent growth by epithelial growth not fluid pressure as found in typical cysts.
25% reoccurence rate, HAVE TO BE TOLD BY A PATHOLOGIST

Answer 50

odontogenic keratocyst

Question 51

how do caries form?

Answer 51

1: plaque, second baterial metabolic products are concentrated on hard tooth surface, third low acid dissolution of the hydroxyapatite crystals and subsequent destruction of the organic enamel.

Question 52

what bacteria cause enamel caries

Answer 52

streptococcus mutans. they convert food into lactic acid and produces dextrans which form sticky matrix of dental plaque.