Unit I - CNS Review Flashcards
How may pairs of cranial nerves?
12 pairs
Where cranial nerves connect to the brain it is called what?
Apparent origin
Nucleus of origin is what type of function?
motor
Nucleus of termination is what type of function?
sensory
How many spinal nerves? Function?
31 pairs, mixed
Spinal nerves attach to the spinal cord how?
ventral (anterior) and dorsal (posterior) rootlets
Function of ventral (anterior) rootless?
motor/efferent
Function of dorsal (posterior) rootlets?
sensory/afferent
Other names for dorsal root ganglion?
Spinal ganglion, posterior root ganglion
Another name for spinal nerve
Mixed spinal nerve
Spinal nerve splits into what? Function(s)?
Anterior primary ramus
Posterior primary ramus
Mixed - sensory and motor
Functional subdivisions of the nervous system?
Somatic and visceral (autonomic)
Somatic is what function? Association?
Sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent)
Skeletal muscle
Another way to say ‘visceral’?
autonomic
Function of autonomic nervous system?
Controls vital body functions
2 divisions of the visceral nervous system?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
Fight or flight; emergency. Division?
sympathetic
Sympathetic division. How many efferent neurons to reach target? What types?
Two, preganglionic and postganglionic, and adrenergic
Sympathetic, preganglionic neurons release what?
acetylcholine
Sympathetic, postganglionic neurons release what?
norepinephrine
Where many pre-ganglionic neurons terminate in the sympathetic division.
Sympathetic trunk
What sympathetic nerves carry preganglionic neurons but do not synapse in the sympathetic trunk but go through it?
splanchnic nerves
What organs does the autonomic division supply?
heart, lungs, abdominopelvic organs, blood vessels, arrector pili
Parasympathetic and sympathetic supply same organs except for what?
Blood vessels
How many efferent neurons to reach target in parasympathetic division? Types (3)?
Two, preganglionic and postganglionic and cholenergic
Different in lengths of sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways?
Sympathetic - preganglionic short, post long
Parasympathetic -pre-ganglionic long, post short (in lining of organ)
Where are the cell bodies of the visceral afferents located?
Spinal ganglion
“return to normalcy” division?
parasympathetic
Parasympathetic craniosacral nerves?
CN III, VII, IX, X and S2,3,4
What type of splanchnic nerves in parasympathetic division?
Pelvic splanchnic nerves
Two types of neurons of the somatic motor pathway?
Upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons
Two types of upper motor neurons?
Pyramidal and extrapyramindal
Pathway of the upper motor neuron?
Descends through corona radiate, internal capsule, crus cerebri, most cross in pyramids and descend in lateral corticospinal tract before synapsing in the anterior horn (primarily Rexed lamina VII)) of the gray matter.
LMN synapse primarily in which rexed lamina?
R.L. IX
