unit four test//reproduction, dna, and mutations

Question 1

what is the purpose of mitosis

Answer 1

to create body cells to replace damaged tissue and grow. (diploid) identical to e/o and parents.

Question 2

what is the purpose of meiosis

Answer 2

to create gametes (sperm eggs and spore) for sexual reproduction. (haploid) different from parents and e/o

Question 3

how many cells are created after the end of mitosis

Answer 3

2

Question 4

how many cells are created after the end of meiosis

Answer 4

4

Question 5

how do these cells compare genetically to both the original cell and each other in mitosis

Answer 5

genetically identical to the original cell and eachother

Question 6

how do these cells compare genetically to both the original cell and each other in meiosis

Answer 6

genetically different from each other and original cell

Question 7

what are the primary functions of dna?

Answer 7

it contains genetic info instructions (stores and transmits)

Question 8

how does the structure of dna allows it to replicate easily

Answer 8

the weak hydrogen bonds between the bases are easily broken while the backbone is held together with strong bonds

Question 9

in what ways are the structures of dna and rna similar

Answer 9

both are nucleic acids (both adenine, cytosine and guanine)

Question 10

in what ways are the structures of dna and rna different

Answer 10

dna has double strands and rna has a single strand

Question 11

transription

Answer 11

mRNA is produced from dna (in nucleus)

Question 12

translation

Answer 12

mRNA code is used to make proteins (in cytoplasm)

Question 13

location of transcription

Answer 13

nucleus

Question 14

location of translation

Answer 14

cytoplasm

Question 15

what is the purpose of mRNA

Answer 15

it is the messenger and its brings info in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm

Question 16

what do genes actually code for

Answer 16

proteins

Question 17

building blocks of nuclei acid

Answer 17

nucleotides

Question 18

mitosis create cells that are

Answer 18

genetically identical to the parent cells

Question 19

During the process of meiosis, what are the two primary processes that lead to genetic variation? (two)

Answer 19

crossing over and independent assortment

Question 20

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 20

23 (46 together)

Question 21

genes contain instructions for assembling

Answer 21

proteins

Question 22

Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms?

Answer 22

dna to rna to protein