unit five test//biotechnology and evolution

Question 1

evolution

Answer 1

change in a group of organisms over time.

Question 2

the three types of selection for polygenic traits

Answer 2

**look at flashcards

Question 3

what leads to speciation

Answer 3

disruptive selection

Question 4

fitness (evolution)

Answer 4

ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in their environment.

Question 5

four isolating mechanisms

Answer 5

• temporal/habitat
• behavioral
• mechanical
• geographic

Question 6

fact

Answer 6

is distributively the case.

Question 7

theory

Answer 7

an idea intended to explain something.

Question 8

belief

Answer 8

acceptance that something is true.

Question 9

hypothesis

Answer 9

proposition made for basis of reasoning.

Question 10

convergent evolution

Answer 10

process where by organisms are not closely related

Question 11

vestigial structures

Answer 11

a structure an organism lost during the course of evolution

Question 12

homologous body

Answer 12

structure in the body that shares a common ancestry w/ more organisms.

Question 13

three critical elements of natural seleciton

Answer 13

• variation
• inheritance
• high rate o/ population growth

Question 14

dna is….

Answer 14

negatively charged

Question 15

cloning

Answer 15

producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals.

Question 16

bio-tech

Answer 16

the exploration of biological processes for industrial and other purposes.

Question 17

gene therapy

Answer 17

the transplantation of normal genes into cells in place of missing or defective ones in order to correct genetic disorders.

Question 18

genetic engineering

Answer 18

the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.

Question 19

transgenic organisms

Answer 19

organisms that have altered genomes

Question 20

a misconception of evolution is…

Answer 20

that it is always slow and gradual.

Question 21

selective breeding

Answer 21

method of improving a line of species by allowing only those individuals w/ preferred traits to produce to the next generation.

Question 22

two species that look different from each other actually…

Answer 22

may be more closely related than two species that look alike.

Question 23

organisms closely related…

Answer 23

don’t vary much in DNA