Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Science > Unit C - Section 2 > Flashcards

Unit C - Section 2 Flashcards

1
Q

5 uses of water

A
  • human drinking water
  • recreation
  • livestock drinking water
  • irrigation
  • protection of aquatic life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Microbiological indicators

A

Microscopic organisms such as bacteria can cause serious health issues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aquatic invertebrates

A

Water with a large number of harmful bacteria that causes illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What indicates unsafe water

A

Water that shows affect of pollution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Invertebrates

A

Animals without backbones (insects, crustaceans, worms and mollusks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are invertebrates used for

A

Used for monitoring because different invertebrates prefer different living conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What can affect these types of organisms

A

Water temperature and pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Aquatic environment

A

If the pH of the wafer is below 5.0 you will not find many fish there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why does the diversity decrease

A

Because it’s acidity that increases and its dissolved oxygen decreseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is monitored in water quality

A
  • dissolved oxygen
  • acidity
  • heavy metals
  • plant nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus)
  • pesticides
  • salts such as sodium chloride
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ppm

A

Parts per million or milligrams per litre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ppb

A

Parts per billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many times do you move the decimal if it’s ppm

A

You move the decimal 6 times to the right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many times do you move the decimal if it’s ppb

A

You move the decimal 9 times to the right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is dissolved oxygen essential

A

For the health if aquatic life such as fish, insects and micro organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the level of dissolved oxygen depend on

A
  • temperature
  • turbulence due to wind or the speed of moving water
  • the amount of photosynthesis by plants and algae in the water
  • the number of organisms using up the oxygen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do the white dots represent

A

Number of bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does a clean lake have

A

Contains a variety of organisms. (Fish, mayfly nymph, stonefly nymph, midge larvae and worms).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the second stage have

A

Added plant nutrients from treated sewage or runoff from fields causes more algae. Fewer fish can live in these conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Third stage

A

Some plants die. The population of bacteria increases. The lake is no longer a place where fish and insects can live in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Acidic deposition

A

Major problem because the soil and water lack natural bases to neutralize acidic precipitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is Spring acid shock

A

When the snow melts the acid meltwater flows into aquatic systems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What concentration does this create

A

Of acid that can lower pH of the water in a pond, lake or river for a short time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Why is Spring acid shock dangerous

A

Affects the eggs of aquatic organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Toxiticy
Describes how poisonous a substance is
26
What do toxins produce
Produce serious health or death
27
What is LD50
Used to compare toxins
28
What does LD stand for
Lethal dose
29
What does the 50 represent
50%
30
What is LD50 the amount of
Amount of a substance that causes 50% of a group of test animals to die if they are given a dose
31
Mercury poisoning
Numbness of arms and legs, involuntary movements, nerve damage, brain damage
32
What does Mercury belong to
Belongs to a group of substances called heavy metals
33
Heavy metals density
5 g/cm cubed or more
34
Example of heavy metals
Copper, zinc, Mercury, cadmium, nickel
35
nitrogen
78%
36
Oxygen
21%
37
Argon
Less than 1%
38
Carbon dioxide
0.03%
39
How can Air quality be determined
By measuring the levels of pollutants in the air Estimating the amount of emissions from pollution sources
40
Sulfur dioxide
A major air pollutant that forms smog and acid rain
41
How does sulfur dioxide affect u
Affects ur respiratory system and irritates eyes
42
Major source of sulfur dioxide
Industrial process
43
Gypsum
Calcium sulfate
44
What can gypsum be used for
Used in manufacturing
45
Nitrogen oxides
Major air pollutants that form smog and acid rain
46
What does nitrogen oxides affect u
Respiratory system and the eyes
47
How do nitrogen oxides form
Form from combustion in vehicles
48
What do nitrogen oxides combine with
Combined with oxygen to form nitrogen monoxide gas, then combines with oxygen in the atmosphere to form nitrogen dioxide, a brownish gas
49
Carbon monoxide
Called the silent killer because it is a colourless and odourless gas
50
What happens when chemicals containing carbon burn
Produce carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
51
When does carbon monoxide form
If there is not enough oxygen to produce carbon dioxide
52
What if there is enough oxygen during combustion
Carbon dioxide is produced
53
Carbon monoxide source
Motor vehicles
54
How does carbon monoxide affect u
Reduces the amount of oxygen carried by the blood which can cause headaches, sleepiness, chest pains, brain damage and death
55
Where is ozone found
Earths surface
56
Ozone
Colourless, odourless gas composes of 3 oxygen atoms
57
How does ozone form
From reactions between oxygen, nitrogen oxides and compounds called (VOCs) in the presence of heat and sunlight
58
VOCs
Volatile Organic Compounds
59
What are VOCs
Organic chemicals that evaporate easily
60
Ground level ozone source
Fuel combustion in vehicle engines and industry
61
To who is ozone harmful to
Ppl who have lung disease like asthma and anyone with a cold
62
What does a greenhouse do
Traps heat from the Suns radiant energy
63
What does this heat do
Allows living things to live grow and reproduce
64
The atmospheric gases that trap heat are
Greenhouse gases
65
What are the greenhouse gases
Water Vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides
66
Enhanced greenhouse effect
Results from the greater concentration of gases trapping even more heat
67
Why is enhanced greenhouse effect a problem
Increases overall temperatures on Earth. This is called global warming
68
Why is global warming dangerous
Because it can lead to climate change which could affect living things all around the world. Violent storms, floods, and spread of diseases
69
Ozone layer formation
The ozone layer is a natural formation of ozone 15 to 50 km above the Earths surface
70
What has been noticed about the ozone layer
That this layer has become thinner allowing more UV radiation to reach the Earth’s surface. Some are so thin they are called holes in the ozone
71
What is the affect of the thinning of the ozone
Caused by the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
72
How are CFCs used
Used in many different applications such as refrigerators, hairspray and fire extinguishers
73
How do CFCs destroy the ozone
UV radiations breaks then down into substances such as chlorine that destroy the ozone layer
74
What can 1 atom remove
One atom can remove 100 000 ozone molecules

Science (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions