UNIT C: EYEBALLS Flashcards

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1
Q

What was Pythagoras’s theory of light?

A

Light consisted of beams of light

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2
Q

What contributions did Euclid make to the early ideas about light?

A

light reflects off a mirror at the same

angle that was shone on it.

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3
Q

What did property of light did Ptolemy describe?

A

light beams bend when the

go from air to glass.

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4
Q

Why is al-Haytham an important figure in the discoveries about light?

A

light bounces off objects and travels to the eye.

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5
Q

What did Sir Isaac Newton learn about light?

A

light is made up of a mixture of different colours.

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6
Q

Who discovered the speed of light and how did he do it?

A

Albert A. Michelson measured the speed of
light by timing how long it would take to
travel from one mountain peak, bounce off
a mirror on another and come back.

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7
Q

What are the 4 properties of light?

A

1) Travels in straight lines.
2) Can be reflected.
3) Can bend.
4) A form of energy.

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8
Q

What is an optical device?

A

Any technology that uses light

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9
Q

Who helped the development of the microscope?

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered little animalcules in a pond and led the discovery of a microscope.

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10
Q

What is a microscope?

A

Microscopes allow you to see great detail by combining the power of two lenses.

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11
Q

What is a telescope?

A

An optical device that can make you see far away

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12
Q

What did Galileo do to the telescope?

A

Improve the design that allowed him to discover new things.

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13
Q

What are the two types of telescopes?

A

Reflecting Telescopes and Refracting telescopes

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14
Q

What is a reflecting telescope?

A

Large mirror curved inwards and focused to a second mirror then the eyepiece.

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15
Q

What is a refracting telescope?

A

2 lenses at each end of a telescope. The larger lens (or the objective lens) is the one that gathers light and the smaller lens (or eyepiece) Allows you to see the object.

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16
Q

What are binoculars?

A

2 refracting telescopes fixed together

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17
Q

What are ray diagrams?

A

Ray diagrams help to show how light travels.

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18
Q

How does light travel from a source?

A

A Straight Line called a ray

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19
Q

What are TRANSPARENT material?

A

Materials that can let light pass through

20
Q

What are TRANSLUCENT material?

A

Materials that allow some light but not all light to pass through

21
Q

Define Opaque.

A

Material that does not allow any light to pass through.

22
Q

Opaque materials can cast ____

A

shadows

23
Q

What’s this difference between Non-Luminous and Luminous objects?

A

Non-Luminous objects don’t produce light while Luminous objects produce light.

24
Q

What’s another name for a flat mirror?

A

Plain mirror

25
Q

What’s the difference between concave and convex mirrors?

A

Concave mirrors have a surface that curves inwards while Convex mirrors has a surface that curves outwards

26
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

When a ray of light hits a plane mirror at an angle and it bounces off the mirror at exactly the same angle

27
Q

What’s the angle of incidence?

A

the angle between the incident ray and the normal.

28
Q

What’s the angle of reflection?

A

the angle between the reflected ray and the normal

29
Q

If the object is far away from the focal point, the reflection is ___ ___

A

Upside down

30
Q

As the object gets closer to the focal point, the reflection gets ____

A

Bigger

31
Q

As the object gets between the focal point and the mirror, it becomes _____ and _____

A

upright and larger

32
Q

How is light refracted?

A

When light travels at an angle from one substance to another, it bends.

33
Q

How does the eye gain light?

A

Light enter through the pupil

34
Q

What does the iris do?

A

a circular band of muscle

35
Q

What happens to the pupil when light decreases?

A

Pupil gets larger (aka it dilates)

36
Q

What is the difference between rods and cones?

A

Rods are sensitive to light and Cones detect color

37
Q

What are the 2 cells that are sensitive to light?

A

Rods and Cones

38
Q

How is light focused in the eye?

A

Muscles change the shape of the lens to move the focal point.

39
Q

What are the 2 main eye problems?

A

Farsightedness and nearsightedness

40
Q

What’s the difference between Farsightedness and nearsightedness?

A

Farsighted people cannot see close objects and near-sighted people can’t see objects close

41
Q

What type of lens a person would wear if they were NEARSIGHTED and why?

A

Concave because the focal point fall in front of the eye

42
Q

What type of lens a person would wear if they were FARSIGHTED? and why?

A

Convex because the focal point falls behind the retina

43
Q

What is the individual unit of a compound eye called? and describe it

A

Ommatidium is a long tube with a lens on top and a focusing cone it. Bellow that are light sensitive cells.

44
Q

What is a pixel?

A

Pixel (or picture element) is a a square that has a specific number assigned to it which represent coordinates and a colour.

45
Q

Define resolution of a digital image.

A

It’s the amount of pixel to create a really accurate of a real picture.

46
Q

What is a charge-coupled device (or CCD)?

A

In a digital camera, light falls onto a Charge-Coupled Device and it’s like a piece of grid paper that records the image using an electrical
charge.