Unit B: Cells and Systems Flashcards
exams
Define what organisms mean?
All living things
What are the six characteristics of living things?
1: They need energy
2: Grow and develop
3: Respond to the environment
4: Reproduce
5: Have adaptations
6: Environment
What’s the difference between structure and function?
structures are the shape for a specific function of task
functions are how the structures work
Can you name all 8 body systems?
Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, Nervous, Excretory, Skeletal, Muscular, Integumentary
What are the 2 types of cells?
Unicellular and Multicellular
What are unicellular cells?
An organism made up of one cell
What are multicellular cells?
An organism made up of multiple cells
What is the function of a microscope?
A telescope device that can look at something really close
What is an amoeba?
Unicellular cells that live in water
What are pseudopods?
a “foot-like- structure to make amoeba’s move
What is the cell membrane?
Cell membranes are semipermeable and allow only some substances such as water and oxygen to pass through.
What is diffusion?
Particles naturally want to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is osmosis?
Water particles move from the HIGHER concentrated water to the LOWER concentrated water
Cells in multicellular organisms develop and reproduce through ____ ______
binary fission
Cells can undergo certain functions because they are ______
specialized
What are the 4 animal tissue types?
never eat moldy cheese
Nervous, Epithelial, Muscle, and Connective.
What are the 3 plant organs that make up a plant tissue?
Leaf. Stem, and Roots
What are the 4 plant tissue types?
Pigs take stinky poos
Protective, Transport, Storage, Photosynthetic
What’s the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion?
Mechanical is the physical breakdown of the food while Digestive is the break down of large particles by using enzymes.
What starts digestion?
Digestion begins at the mouth, with the mechanical breakdown of your food
What is gastric juice composed of?
It’s composed of Mucus, hydrochloric acid, and enzymes
What does the epiglottis do?
As you swallow, a flap of skin moves across your windpipe and food is funneled into the esophagus.
What is the function of villi and microvilli?
When the food has been broken into smaller pieces the small intestine absorbs these small particles, through villi. On each villi, there are more bumps and groves called microvilli.
What’s the difference between the large intestine and the small intestine?
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion is complete when it reaches the large intestine while the small intestine, breaks down starches and proteins into smaller pieces.
What are alveoli?
The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries (small blood vessels) that have a wall, one cell thick.
What happens when you’re inhaling air?
When inhaling, muscles contract, which pulls your ribs up and pushes your diaphragm down. Your chest becomes larger and pulls air in.
What happens when you exhaling air?
When you exhale, these muscles relax and your ribs go down and the diaphragm up.
Describe the importance of the cell?
1) All organisms are made up of at least one cell
2) Every cell comes from another cell
What are nutrients?
Substances that provide the energy and materials that organisms need to grow, develop, and reproduce
Explain what stimulus means?
If you put your hand on a hot stove, you reaction would immediately be removing your hand
