[Unit 9.1] | Gene Mutation Flashcards

1
Q

What is a mutation?

A

A change to the base sequence of a DNA molecule.

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2
Q

What 2 ways can gene mutation occur during DNA replication?

A

• Base Substitution
• Base deletion

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3
Q

What is base substitution and what are the consequences?

A

• A genetic mutation that occurs when a base is replaced with a different one.

• Codon may code for a different amino acid, thereby disallowing the formation of bonds that may be important to the tertiary structure.

• In the case of enzymes, this may alter it’s active site and render it useless.

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4
Q

Describe the consequences of the deletion of bases.

A

• If one nucleotide is removed from a polypeptide chain, the nucleotides that follow will all be read one to the left of their correct position, therefore potentitally producing a large number of incorrect amino acids, causing the polypeptide to not function.

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5
Q

What is a chromosome mutation?

A

A change in the structure or number of whole chromosomes.

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6
Q
A
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