Unit 9 Structure Of The Church Flashcards
What are sacraments?
Church rituals
Examples of sacraments
Baptism Penance Eucharist Confirmation Matrimony Anointing of the sick Holy orders
People had a limited understanding of church teachings and rituals. Why?
- masses were said in Latin (few people understood)
- many priests were poorly educated so they didn’t preach effectively
- few worshipped could read or write
How did people learn about the Christian faith and rituals?
Through
- statues
- paintings
- stained glass windows
What was the life of a monk like during the Middle Ages?
- ate one or two plain meals a day
- couldn’t converse except for a short time, sometimes had total silence
- during meals, one monk night read passages from the bible while others meditated
What was the life on a nun like?
- alternated prayer with spinning, weaving, and embroidering items like tapestries and banners
- taught needlework and medieval use of herbs to the daughters of nobles
What role did monks and nuns play in medieval intellectual and social life?
- scribes laboriously copied books by hand
- monasteries and convents provided schools for young people, hospitals for sick, food for needy, guest houses for weary travelers
- some monks and nuns became missionaries who spread Christian teachings to non Christians
How were the church and the feudal system connected?
- many high church officials were nobles and held land from kinds in return for military services
- church leaders gave some land go knights who’d fight for them
- the church received donations of food and money from nobles wanting to ensure their salvation
- nobles influenced church politics which led to their relatives being in Church positions and man had little devotion to their spiritual calling
By what years were many decor Christians calling for reform?
900s
What was done by the church to try and separate church and state?
- church council declared that political leaders could not choose the pope, the pope would be elected by cardinals (high church officials in Rome)
- pope should be the one to appoint bishops and other church officials to church offices
The only way to receive grace was by taking part in
Sacraments
What did Pope Leo III do to reform the Catholic Church?
- in 1215 he convened a council that condemned drunkeness, feasting, and dancing among clergy
- laid down strict rules to stop the spread of heresy
- Catholic Church tried to convert heretics
The church set up a court in 1232 known as
The Inquisition
How were heretics treated in the inquisition?
- accused people w/out sufficient proof
- sometimes used torture to obtain confessions
- welcomed back those who repented
What were some typical punishments the inquisition made?
- imprisonment
- loss of property
- execution
Why were the Jews viewed as outsiders and a threat t society in the 1000s?
-were blamed for plagues, famines, and other social problems
How were Jews treated differently?
- 1000s attacked and killed
- resented Jews’ refusal to become Christians
- required Jews to wear badges or special clothes to identify them
- forced to live in ghettos
- lost right to own land and practice certain trades
- became peddlers or moneylenders to earn money, jobs despised by medieval Christians
What is lay investiture?
-secular rulers that gave the symbols of office, such as ring and staff, to the bishops they had appointed
What is a heretic?
-person that denied basic church teachings
What is excommunication?
-expulsion from the church
What are ghettos?
-separate communities that Jews were forced to live in
