People Of Global 9 Flashcards
Who is Constantine?
- Rome
- moved capital from Rome to Byzantium
- later renamed to Constantinople
- ended persecution of Christians with edicts of Milan
Who was Marcus Aurelius?
- his death started the decline of Rome
- his death caused end of Pax Romana
Who were the gracchus brothers?
- Rome
- Tiberius and Gaius
- tried to reform and help rome’s poor
- met violent deaths
Who was Julius Caesar?
- Rome
- consul
- helped reform
- stabbed and killed on March 15, 44 BC
Who was Octavian/augustus?
- Rome
- start of Roman Empire, end of republic
- was a consul 13x
- stable and powerful govt
- liked by Romans
- great military leader
- PAX ROMANA
Who was Hannibal?
- Carthage
- led Carthage in Punic wars
Who was queen Hatshepsut?
-Egypt
Who was Thutmose III?
-Egypt
Who was Ramses II?
-Egypt
Who was Abraham?
-founder of Judaism
Who was chandragupta maurya?
- Mauryan empire
- strict and harsh
- vast army
Who was Asoka?
- Mauryan empire
- ruled by Buddhism
- the rockedicts
Who was siddharta gautama?
- founder of Buddhism
- made four noble truths
- followed eightfold path
Who was Liu bang?
- Han dynasty
- rose from peasant background to overthrow qin
Who was wudi?
- Han dynasty
- led Han dynasty through golden age
Who was Confucius?
-founder of Confucianism
Who was laozi?
-founder of daoism
Who was Han fei tzu?
-founder of legalism
Who was Pericles?
- Greece
- led Athens through golden age
- good politician
Who was Socrates?
- Greece
- philosopher
Who was Plato?
- Greece
- philosopher
Who was Aristotle?
- Greece
- philosopher
Who was Pythagoras?
- Greece
- made Pythagorean theorem
- great mathematician
Who was Herodotus?
- Greece
- father of history
- separated fact from fiction
Who was Hippocrates?
- Greece
- father of medicine
- Hippocrates oath
Who was Alexander the Great?
- Macedonia
- took over Greece
- spread Hellenistic culture
Who was Justinian?
- Byzantine empire
- emperor
- Justinian code
- built Hagia Sophia (“holy wisdom”)
- beat Nika rebellion
- plague named Justinian plague
Who was Theodora?
- Byzantine empire
- justinian’s wife
- helped Justinian
Who was Ivan III?
- Russia
- refused to pay mongol’s tribute
- bloodless standoff = liberation
Who was Diocletian?
- Rome
- divided empire into east and west
- doubled size of roman army
Who was Muhammad?
- founder of Islam
- “prophet of Islam”
- messenger of Allah
Who was empress wu?
- tang dynasty
- first woman to assume title of empress for herself
Who was Clovis?
- Frankish kingdoms
- accepted Christianity
Who was Charles Martel?
- Frankish kingdoms
- “Charles the hammer”
- protected Christianity
Who was pepin the short?
- Frankish kingdoms
- started process of helping the pope
Who was Charlemagne?
- Frankish kingdoms
- nearly doubled borders
- revived learning
- holy roman emperor
Who was Louis he pious?
- Frankish kingdoms
- charlemagnes son
- could not fulfill father’so responsibilities
- passed rule to 3 sons with treaty of verdun
Who were Charles the bald, lothair, and Louis Louis the German?
- Frankish kingdom
- sons of Louis the pious
- central authority broke down
- lack of strong rulers led to feudalism
Who was Marco Polo?
- traveled in 1200s
- traveled many years in China
- met kublai khan
Who was Ibn battuta?
- traveled in 1300s
- traveler and writer
- devout Muslim
- visited places in Islamic empire
Who was ieyasu?
- japan
- founded Tokugawa shogunate
Who was sundiata Kiera?
- Mali
- restored gold salt trade
- agriculture flourished
- gained territory
Who was mansa musa?
- Mali
- opened trade routes and protected trade caravans
- Timbuktu becomes a learning center
Who was Askia Muhammad?
- Songhai
- divided empire into 5 provinces
- maintained peace and security with cavalry and navy
Who was William the conqueror?
- European monarchies
- invaded England
- first census since roman times
Who was Henry I?
- European monarchies
- gave royal courts more authority
Who was Henry II?
- European monarchies
- set up system of common law
Who was king John?
- European monarchies
- forced to sign Magna Carta
Who was Phillip Augustus II?
- France
- doubled area of domain
- formed semipermanent army
Who were Louis VII of France and Holy roman emperor Conrad III?
- led second crusade
- constantly quarreled
- easily defeated by Turks
Who was Saladin?
- Muslim
- captured Jerusalem
- was nice to other religions
Who was Frederick Barbarossa, king Phillip Augustus, and king Richard?
- led 3rd crusade
- Barbarossa died
- Phillip Augustus went home
- Richard kept fighting
- couldn’t compete with loyal and well trained Muslim forces
Who was Filipino Brunelleschi?
- Renaissance
- built some for the cathedral of Florence
Who was Donatello?
- Renaissance
- first sculptor to cast large, freestanding nude statue
Who was Michelangelo?
- Renaissance
- sculpted works for pope
Who was William Shakespeare?
- Renaissance
- playwright
Who was Johannes Gutenberg?
- invented moveable metal type
- made publishing books cheaper and faster
Who was Martin Luther?
- Protestant reformation
- justification by faith
- wrote 95 theses
- Lutheranism
Who was John Calvin?
- Protestant reformation
- predestination
- Calvinism
Who was Ignatius of Loyola?
- counter reformation
- Spanish noble
- founded Jesuits
Who was Teresa of Avila?
- Spanish nun
- known for spiritual writings
- made sure people were following rules
- made a nun after her death
Who was prince Henry the navigator?
- Portugal
- studied navigation
- sponsored many exploratory voyages
- discovery of Azores, the Madeira islands, and the Cape Verde islands
Who was bartholomeau Dias?
- Portugal
- discovered cape of good hope
- proved ships could reach easy Asia by traveling around Africa
Who was Vasco de gama?
- Portugal
- sailed from Portugal o India
- trading, glimpse of riches that could come from direct trade
Who was Christopher Columbus?
- Spain
- first Europeans to reach Bahamas
Who was Ferdinand Magellan?
- Spain
- “soldier of fortune”
- reached strait, named Strait of Magellan
- renamed Pacific Ocean
Who was hernan Cortes?
- Spanish conqueror
- killed thousands of Aztecs
Who was Francisco Pizarro?
- Spanish conqueror
- invaded inca empire
- killed thousands of incas
Who was Henry Hudson?
- Netherlands
- claimed land for the Dutch
Who was Jacques Cartier?
- French
- sailed up modern day st. Lawrence river and present say Montreal
Who was Samuel de Champlain?
- France
- French mapmaker
- founded Quebec
Who was genghis khan?
- Mongol
- organized disciplined armies
- skilled horsemen and bowmen
who was kublai khan?
- Mongol
- conquered rest of china (south)
- created yuan dynasty
