unit 9 review

Question 1

what is nationalism

Answer 1

a feeling of pride, loyalty, and protectiveness toward your country

Question 2

who presented a plan to congress called the american system

Answer 2

henry clay

Question 3

list 3 parts of the american system

Answer 3

-establish a protective tariff
-establish a national bank
-improve the country’s transportation systems

Question 4

what was the purpose of the american system?

Answer 4

to make the u.s. economically self-sufficient

Question 5

why was travel difficult in the early 1800s?

Answer 5

most roads were made of dirt

Question 6

what was the name of the first road built by the national government?

Answer 6

the cumberland road

Question 7

why do you think it eventually became known as the national road

Answer 7

because it expanded all the way to illinois

Question 8

where was the erie canal constructed?

Answer 8

Albany, New York to Buffalo, New York

Question 9

what did the erie canal allow to be transported?

Answer 9

farm products and manufacturing goods

Question 10

what effect did the completion of the erie canal have on nyc?

Answer 10

it helped it become the nation’s largest city

Question 11

who became president in 1816 and what party did he belong to?

Answer 11

James Monroe, democratic-republican

Question 12

what political party died off?

Answer 12

federalist

Question 13

what was this time period nicknamed and why was it called that?

Answer 13

“the era of good feelings” because they had feelings of unity

Question 14

during monroe’s presidency, people became more loyal to what?

Answer 14

the federal government

Question 15

what prompted leaders to want to define national borders?

Answer 15

conflicts with other nations, spirit of nationalism

Question 16

what was limited by the rush-bagot agreement?

Answer 16

naval power on the great lakes

Question 17

what document settled as the border between U.S. and british canada?

Answer 17

convention of 1818

Question 18

what latitude line was established as the border between the U.S. and british canada?

Answer 18

49 degrees north

Question 19

what did general andrew jackson claim for the U.S. when he was fighting seminoles?

Answer 19

florida

Question 20

in what document did spain hand over florida to the u.s.?

Answer 20

adams-onis treaty

Question 21

what is interstate commerce?`

Answer 21

the buying and selling of goods across state borders

Question 22

which type of government gave ogden permission to operate a steamboat business on the river between NY and NJ?

Answer 22

state

Question 23

what type of government gave gibbons permission to operate a steamboat business on the river between NY and NJ?

Answer 23

federal

Question 24

who won the case of gibbons v. ogden and what did this case establish?

Answer 24

gibbons, the authority of the national government to regulate interstate commerce

Question 25

what issue was at the center of the mcculloch vs. maryland case?

Answer 25

whether or not a state could levy taxes against the national government

Question 26

what did the state of maryland argue about the national bank?

Answer 26

they said it was unconstitutional

Question 27

what did mcculloch argue about the national bank

Answer 27

it was a "necessary and proper" power of congress and that many things the government must do would be helped by a national bank

Question 28

who won the mcculloch v. maryland case and what did this case establish?

Answer 28

mcculloch, it strengthened the authority of the federal government and the national bank, and it reinforced the supermacy of federal law over state law when the two conflict

Question 29

what event in 1821 caused concern for president monroe?

Answer 29

other european countries might try to come in and take control of newly independent spain countries

Question 30

what was the name of the policy statement issued by monroe in 1823?

Answer 30

monroe doctrine

Question 31

who was monroe warning in his statement?

Answer 31

european powers

Question 32

what area was monroe vowing to protect in his statement?

Answer 32

western hemisphere

Question 33

what were the three parts of the monroe doctrine?

Answer 33

-the US will not interfere in the affairs of european countries -the US declared that the western hemisphere is closed to future colonization by foreign powers -the US would consider any attempt by Europe to colonize or interfere with western hemisphere nations a hostile act

Question 34

how did the monroe doctrine deviate from washington's philosophy of isolationism?

Answer 34

washington didn't want war so monroe doctrine deviated from that by threatening war

Question 35

what is sectionalism?

Answer 35

loyalty to the interest of your own region of the country than to the nation as a whole

Question 36

what things were important to the south?

Answer 36

slavery and increase in the growth of cotton

Question 37

what things were important to the north?

Answer 37

manufacturing and trade

Question 38

what things were important to the west?

Answer 38

cheap land and good transportation

Question 39

what kind of state did missouri want to be when it applied for statehood?

Answer 39

slave state

Question 40

why were people divided over the admittance of Missouri as a state?

Answer 40

a slave state would upset the balance of power in congress

Question 41

what did southerners fear that the free states in congress might do?

Answer 41

form a majority and ban slavery altogether

Question 42

what other state wanted to enter the union during this time?

Answer 42

maine

Question 43

who proposed the missouri compromise?

Answer 43

henry clay

Question 44

what two states entered the union as a result of this compromise and which type of state were they?

Answer 44

missouri - slave maine - free

Question 45

how did the compromise affect congress?

Answer 45

it kept it balanced

Question 46

what did the missouri compromise say about slavery in the louisiana territory?

Answer 46

it would be banned above 36°30'N

Question 47

did the missouri compromise end slavery?

Answer 47

no, it was just a temporary fix

Question 48

how did the secrets of the industrial revolution make their way from britain to america?

Answer 48

samuel slater smuggled them in

Question 49

how did the industrial revolution change the way people worked?

Answer 49

people started using machines and manufacturing more, factories replace farming and machines replace hand tools

Question 50

what were three reasons why new england was a good place to set up locations?

Answer 50

they had many fast moving rivers, they had ships and access to the ocean, and they had a willing labor force

Question 51

how did the labor force change from samuel slater's first spinning mill to the larger one he built later?

Answer 51

at first he was just hiring children, but then he ended up hiring whole families

Question 52

who were the lowell girls?

Answer 52

the lowell girls were employed far girls that worked12 and a half hour days. women came to them despite the deafening noise because wages were high. there were strict rules for the girls like attending church and reading. after a few years, wages dropped and conditions worsened so they started working on engines more and more.

Question 53

who came up with the idea for interchangeable parts?

Answer 53

eli whitney

Question 54

what are interchangeable parts?

Answer 54

parts that are exactly alike

Question 55

how did interchangeable parts change industry?

Answer 55

speeded up production, made repairs easy, and allowed the use of lower-paid, less skilled workers, led mass production, new management style, and created inspectors

Question 56

what invention did robert fulton create?

Answer 56

a steamboat the could move against strong wind and improved water transportation

Question 57

what invention did samuel morse create?

Answer 57

telegraph, it sent short and long pulses of electricity on a wire, it improved long distance communication

Question 58

what invention did john deere create?

Answer 58

steel plow that plowed soil faster and made plowing much easier

Question 59

what invention did cyrus mccormick create?

Answer 59

reaper, it separated kernels of wheat from husks and it made faming much more efficient

Question 60

what invention did peter cooper create?

Answer 60

the locomotive, it sped up transportation

Question 61

in what four ways did eli whitney's cotton gin change life in the south?

Answer 61

vast move westward, cotton exports increased and it becomes #1 crop, more natives were driven off southern land, slaves increase

Question 62

as cotton produced, what happened to the demand for and price of enslaved labor?

Answer 62

increased

Question 63

what fraction of white families in the south owned slaves in 1840?

Answer 63

1/3, 1/10 owned 20 or more

Question 64

why did most southern farmers support slavery if they did not own slaves?

Answer 64

it would allow them to raise more cotton and earn more money

Question 65

describe some of the difficulties free african americans faced

Answer 65

some states made them leave, most states did not permit the to vote or receive an education

Question 66

what were spirituals?

Answer 66

religious folk songs that often contained coded messages about escape routes

Question 67

how did slavery harm family life?

Answer 67

caused grief, separated families for long times, marriages were not legally recognized

Question 68

what was the nat turner rebellion and what were its effects?

Answer 68

on august 21, turner and 70 followers killed 55 white men, women, and children. Turner was tried and hung. White mobs killed more than 200 african americans in revenge. harsh laws were passed against african americans. anti-slavery publications were no longer delivered in the south.