Unit 9 - Civil Rights Flashcards
Civil Rights
• Freedoms guaranteed by the
constitution
Dissent
• Protest or speaking out against people
in charge, rules, or laws
Civil Disobedience
• breaking a law as a form of protest
because you believe it is wrong
• a form of dissent
Institutionalized
• Official policy from the Govt. of a business
• EX: racism was institutionalized in the
South; it was the LAW to segregate Blacks
& Whites
Discrimination
• Treating a group of people unfairly because they are a member of that group: • EX: Not hiring women; Not letting African Americans vote; Not letting Muslims into the country
Segregation
• dividing people based on race
Jim Crow Laws
• Southern laws enforcing segregation
Poll Tax
• a tax someone had to pay before they
could vote
• used to keep minorities from voting in
the south
Literacy Test
• a complicated test that people had to
pass to before they were allowed to vote
• used to keep minorities from voting in the
south
Plessy v. Ferguson
• said segregation was ok
• you can have separate facilities as long
as they are equal
• “separate but equal”
Redress
• v. setting things right
• n. remedy or compensation for
wrongdoing
Brown v. Board of Education
• ended segregation in public schools
• overturned Plessy v Ferguson
• said school segregation violates the equal
protection clause of the 14th Amendment
Quota
• a number that must be met
• examples:
• teachers must assign 9 assignments per 9-
weeks
• a college setting aside 16 spots for African
American students
Affirmative Action
• trying to overcome past racism by
encouraging diversity in a workplace or
school admissions
University of California
Regents v. Bakke
• said cannot use racial quotas for
admissions to colleges
• you can use race as A factor however
• allowed limited affirmative action
1st Amendment
- freedom of religion
- freedom to protest (or petition)
- freedom to assemble
- freedom of the press
- freedom of religion
13th Amendment
• Ended Slavery
14th Amendment
• If you are born in the U.S. you’re a citizen
• All citizens are guaranteed equal protection
under the law (this is called the “equal
protection clause”)
15th Amendment
• states cannot deny the right to vote
based on race
1964 Civil Rights Act
• banned racial and sex discrimination in
public places (ended Jim Crow laws)
• banned racial and sex discrimination in
hiring
1965 Voting Rights Act
• banned poll taxes as a requirement for voting • banned literacy tests as a requirement for voting • created federal government oversight for states with a poor civil rights record
26th Amendment
• said citizens can vote at 18 years old
N.O.W.
- National Organization for Women
* fights to end sex discrimination
Migrant Workers
• Low-paid Immigrant farm laborers • Move around from farm to farm, season to season • Usually Latin-American • Often undocumented
UFW
• United farm workers
• Worked to improve conditions for migrant
farm workers
AIM
• American Indian Movement
• Works to protect the rights of American
Indians
