Unit 9 Flashcards
Flora
/ˈflɔːrə/
کلیه گیاهان یک سرزمین
Fauna
ˈfɔːnə
کلیه جانوران یک سرزمین
Vegetation
ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən
plants in general
زندگی گیاهی
Branch
brɑːntʃ
a part of a tree that grows out from the trunk (=main stem) and that has leaves, fruit, or smaller branches growing from it
Twig
twɪɡ
Branch/ stick
Root
ruːt
the part of a plant or tree that grows under the ground and gets water from the soil.
Coat
پوشش بدنی یک حیوان
Predator
ˈpredətə
an animal that kills and eats other animals
شکارچی
Beak
biːk
the hard pointed mouth of a bird
منقار / پوزه
Trunk
trʌŋk
the thick central woody stem of a tree
the main part of your body
تنه
Fur
fɜː
the thick soft hair that covers the bodies of some animals, such as cats, dogs, and rabbits.
Hide ( about animals)
haɪd
an animal’s skin, especially when it has been removed to be used for leather.
پوست خام گاو و گوسفند و غیره
Scales (fish)
one of the small flat pieces of skin that cover the bodies of fish, snakes etc
Feather
ˈfeðə
one of the light soft things that cover a bird’s body
Paw
pɔː
an animal’s foot that has nails or claws:
Thorn
θɔːn
a sharp point that grows on the stem of a plant such as a rose
خار
Petal
ˈpetl
گلبرگ
Horn
hɔːn
the hard pointed thing that grows, usually in pairs, on the heads of animals such as cows and goats
Nature
ˈneɪtʃə
environment
طبیعت
Natural (adj)
ˈnætʃərəl
normal, common
طبیعی
Barrow
ˈbærəʊ
a large pile of earth like a small hill that was put over a grave in ancient times.
تپه
Den
the home of some animals,cave
غار ، لانه
Cultivate
ˈkʌltəveɪt
to prepare and use land for growing crops and plants.
کشت کردن، زراعت
Crop
krɒp
produce, fruits,
محصول
Shrub
ʃrʌb
بوته،. درختچه
Bush
bʊʃ
Shrub, plant
بوته
Tropical
ˈtrɒpɪkəl
hot, steamy
گرمسیر
Arid
ˈærəd
dry
Endemic
enˈdemɪk
Native, local
بومی
Agriculture
ˈæɡrɪˌkʌltʃə
farming
Virtually
ˈvɜːtʃuəli
practically, almost, as good as
واقعا
Toad
təʊd
وزغ
Pesticide
ˈpestəsaɪd
a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops
Paddock
ˈpædək
Field
Eradicate
ɪˈrædəkeɪt
Kill off
از ریشه کندن
Catastrophic
kætəs’trɔfık
فاجعه آمیز
Vulnerable
ˈvʌlnərəbəl
sensitive, at risk
Repercussion
ˌriːpəˈkʌʃən
Negative effects
Become resistant
To stop being affected by something
Endangered
en’deındʒəd
At risk of dying out
Extinct
ɪkˈstɪŋkt
No longer existing
منقرض
Disastrous
dɪˈzɑːstrəs
Extremely bad or unsuccessful
Ecological balance
The relationship between plants, animals, air, land and water
Hedgehog
ˈhedʒhɒɡ
جوجه تیغی
Spiny
ˈspaɪni
a spiny animal or plant has lots of stiff sharp points.
پوشیده از خار
Preservation
ˌprezəˈveɪʃən
protection, support
Executive
ɪɡˈzekjətɪv
director, manager
Vast
vɑːst
huge, enormous
Forage
ˈfɒrɪdʒ
search, explore
Evolution
ˌiːvəˈluːʃən
development, expansion, growth
تکامل
Primitive
ˈprɪmətɪv
early, earliest, elementary, first
Primitive
ˈprɪmətɪv
early, earliest, elementary, first
Lineage
ˈlɪni-ɪdʒ
اجداد
monotreme
mɒnǝ(ʊ)tri:m
پستاندار تخم کن
Trace
treɪs
Find / discover
Foetal
ˈfiːtl
belonging or related to a foetus
جنینی
Accurate
ˈækjərət
exact/ true
Inference
ˈɪnfərəns
deduction
استنباط
Hibernate
ˈhaɪbəneɪt
خواب زمستانی
Tolerate
ˈtɒləreɪt
to allow people to do, say, or believe something without criticizing or punishing them
مدارا کردن
تحمل کردن
Equator
ɪˈkweɪtə
خط استوا
Detect
dɪˈtekt
notice, recognize
Presence
ˈprezəns
when someone or something is present in a particular place
وجود / پیشگاه
Scent
sent
the smell of a particular animal or person that some other animals, for example dogs, can follow
ردشکار / رایحه
Scrap
skræp
a short fight or argument:
Rival
ˈraɪvəl
a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fight etc
Aggressive
əˈɡresɪv
behaving in an angry threatening way, as if you want to fight or attack someone:
Rodent
ˈrəʊdənt
any small animal of the type that has long sharp front teeth, such as a rat or a rabbit
Squeak
skwiːk
جیغ و فریاد کشیدن ( مانند جغد یا موش)
Prick
prɪk
to make a small hole in something using something sharp:
Irritating
ˈɪrəteɪtɪŋ
annoying, disturbing
Intensive
ɪnˈtensɪv
comprehensive, demanding, exhaustive
تشدیدی / پر قدرت
Urge
ɜːdʒ
to strongly suggest that someone does something
اصرار کردن
Cope
kəʊp
manage, carry on
Vermin
ˈvɜːmən
small animals, birds, and insects that are harmful because they destroy crops, spoil food, and spread disease:
Gamekeeper
ˈɡeɪmkiːpə
someone whose job is to look after wild animals and birds that are kept to be hunted on private land
Cull
kʌl
to kill animals so that there are not too many of them, or so that a disease does not spread