[Unit 8A] The myth of the eight-hour sleep Flashcards
As the night became a place for legitimate activity and as that activity increased, the length of time people could d_ _ (= посвятить) rest dwindled.
As the night became a place for legitimate activity and as that activity increased, the length of time people could dedicate to rest dwindled.
/ˈdedɪkeɪt/
Today we spend less time _ (do) those things.’
Today we spend less time doing those thing.’
For most of evolution we slept a c_ way.
(= определённым образом)
For most of evolution we slept a certain way.
By the 1920s the idea of a first and second sleep had r_ entirely (= disappeared) from our social consciousness.
By the 1920s the idea of a first and second sleep had receded entirely from our social consciousness.
/rɪˈsiːd/
By the 1920s the idea of a first and second sleep had receded entirely from our social c_ (=сознание).
By the 1920s the idea of a first and second sleep had receded entirely from our social consciousness.
/ˈkɒnʃəsnəs/
Sleeping eight hours consecutively started among the urban upper classes in northern Europe and _ _ course _ (= в течение) the next 200 years filtered down to the rest of Western society.
Sleeping eight hours consecutively started among the urban upper classes in northern Europe and over the course of the next 200 years filtered down to the rest of Western society.
He attributes the initial shift to improvements in street lighting, domestic lighting and a s_ _ coffee houses – which were sometimes open all night.
= резкое увеличение
He attributes the initial shift to improvements in street lighting, domestic lighting and a surge in coffee houses – which were sometimes open all night.
/sɜːdʒ/
The need for love is u_ and universal.
= вездесуща, повсеместна
The need for love is ubiquitous and universal.
/juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/
In 2001, historian Roger Ekirch published a seminal paper, drawn from 16 years of research, r_ing a wealth of historical evidence that humans used to sleep in two distinct chunks.
= making the information known - раскрывать, показывать
In 2001, historian Roger Ekirch published a seminal paper, drawn from 16 years of research, revealing a wealth of historical evidence that humans used to sleep in two distinct chunks.
/rɪˈviːl/
Though sleep scientists were impressed by the study, among the general public the idea that we must sleep for eight consecutive hours p_.
= if an (unpleasant) feeling or situation p_, it continues to exist.
Though sleep scientists were impressed by the study, among the general public the idea that we must sleep for eight consecutive hours persisted.
Though sleep scientists were impressed by the study, among the general public the idea that we must sleep for eight c_ hours persisted.
(= идущих подряд)
Though sleep scientists were impressed by the study, among the general public the idea that we must sleep for eight consecutive hours persisted.
/kənˈsekjətɪv/
Ekirch believes many sleeping problems may have roots in the human body’s natural preference for segmented sleep as well as the u_ (= it’s everywhere) of artificial light.
Ekirch believes many sleeping problems may have roots in the human body’s natural preference for segmented sleep as well as the ubiquity of artificial light.
/juːˈbɪk.wə.ti/
Ekirch believes many sleeping problems may have r_ _ the human body’s natural preference for segmented sleep as well as the ubiquity of artificial light.
= may come from, may stem from
Ekirch believes many sleeping problems may have roots in the human body’s natural preference for segmented sleep as well as the ubiquity of artificial light.
As the night became a place for l_ activity and as that activity increased, the length of time people could dedicate to rest dwindled.
= allowed (by law / by other people), легитимный
As the night became a place for legitimate activity and as that activity increased, the length of time people could dedicate to rest dwindled.
/lɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/
The author of the book a_ the initial shift _ improvements in street lighting, domestic lighting and a surge in coffee houses – which were sometimes open all night.
= объясняет …. тем, что….
The author of the book atTRIbutes the initial shift to improvements in street lighting, domestic lighting and a surge in coffee houses – which were sometimes open all night.
/əˈtrɪbjuːt/
It took some time for their sleep to regulate but by the fourth week the subjects had s_ _ a very distinct sleeping pattern.
(= устаканилось, пришло к)
It took some time for their sleep to regulate but by the fourth week the subjects had settled into a very distinct sleeping pattern
In 2001, historian Roger Ekirch published a s_ paper (= very important, ground-breaking), drawn from 16 years of research, revealing a wealth of historical evidence that humans used to sleep in two distinct chunks.
In 2001, historian Roger Ekirch published a seminal paper, drawn from 16 years of research, revealing a wealth of historical evidence that humans used to sleep in two distinct chunks.
/ˈsem.ɪ.nəl/
It’s not a coincidence that, in modern life, the number of people who report anxiety, stress and depression has g_ _. (= increased)
It’s not a coincidence that, in modern life, the number of people who report anxiety, stress and depression has gone up.
The book “At Day’s Close” unearths more than 500 references to a s_ sleeping pattern – in diaries, court records, medical books and literature.
= the opposite of sleeping eight hours consecutively
The book “At Day’s Close” unearths more than 500 references to a segmented sleeping pattern – in diaries, court records, medical books and literature.
/seɡˈmentɪd/
So the next time you wake up in the middle of the night, think of your pre-industrial _ (= предки) and relax.
So the next time you wake up in the middle of the night, think of your pre-industrial ANcestors and relax.
/ˈænsestərz/ - note the first vowel - cat!
It’s not a c_ (= не совпадение) that, in modern life, the number of people who report anxiety, stress and depression has gone up.
It’s not a coincidence that, in modern life, the number of people who report anxiety, stress and depression has gone up.
