Unit 8 Vocab Flashcards
The generation that was a result of the 50 million babies born between 1946 and 1964 in the years following WWII.
Baby boomers
Also known as the International Bank for Reconstruction, this bank was supposed to found the rebuilding of a war-torn world. The Soviet Union was offered membership, but declined as they viewed the bank as an instrument of capitalism.
World Bank
Extensive program of US aid outlined by George Marshall that approved $12 billion in aid for distribution to countries in Western Europe over a four-year period. Ended the chance of Communist takeover in the nations involved.
Marshall Plan
A Communist-led uprising in Greece and the USSR seeking control of part of Turkey led Truman to ask Congress for $400 million to assist the “free people” in the countries against the “totalitarian” regimes. The US would support any democratic nation that resisted Communism.
Truman Doctrine
In 1949, as proposed by Truman, ten European nations along with the US made up this military alliance to protect each other from outside attack.
NATO
Secret report from the UN Security Council that said to fight the Cold War, the US needed to: (1) quadruple US government defense spending, (2) form alliances with non-Communist nations, and (3) convince the American public that costly arms buildup was imperative for the nation’s defense.
NSC-68
Began with an unexpected invasion of South Korea on June 25, 1950; war was never officially declared. US troops made up most of the opposing UN forces and were led by general Douglas MacArthur, but were eventually pushed out by the Chinese military. Armistice was signed in 1953, dividing North and South Korea along the 38th parallel.
Korean War/Forgotten War
1951 trial that accused Julius and Ethel Rosenberg of spying for the Soviet Union to get nuclear weapons secrets. The couple were found guilty of treason and were executed in 1953.
Rosenberg Case
Republican Senator from Wisconsin who used growing concern over Communism in his reelection campaign. Claimed to have knowledge of 205 Communists working in the State Department, but lost credibility in 1954 when a Senate committee was televised and he was seen as a bully.
Joseph McCarthy/McCarthyism
A group consisting of 12 of the world’s major oil-exporting nations, founded in 1960 to coordinate the petroleum policies of its members.
OPEC
A US spy plane was performing aerial reconnaissance when it was shot down over Soviet airspace.
U-2 Incident
Landmark Supreme Court decision that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and abolished racial segregation in public schools.
Brown v. Board of Education
Abolished the practice of collecting a poll tax.
24th Amendment
Ended Jim Crow tactics to prevent blacks from voting and provided federal registers to ensure voter registration was fair.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Thinking influenced by the radicalism of Malcolm X; broke with MLK; scornful of integration and interracial cooperation; advocated greater militancy and acts of violence.
Black Power
