Unit 8 - Lifecycle Nutrition

Question 1

What are some habits a woman should establish in preparation for a healthy pregnancy?

Answer 1

• Achieve and maintain a healthy body weight
• Choose adequate and balanced diet
• Be physically active
• Receive regular medical care
• Avoid harmful influences

Question 2

What does infant birthweight correlate w/?

Answer 2

Pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy

Question 3

How many extra calories per day does a woman need in the second trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 3

340 calories

Question 4

How many extra calories per day does a woman need in the third trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 4

450 calories

Question 5

How much extra protein per day is needed during pregnancy?

Answer 5

25 g

Question 6

What is the recommended amount of folate during pregnancy?

Answer 6

600 mg per day

Question 7

What effect does vitamin D have on a fetus?

Answer 7

Plays a role in calcium metabolism; involved in building the skeleton

Question 8

Why are iron supplements recommended during pregnancy?

Answer 8

Needs greatly increase which are extremely difficult to achieve through food intake

Question 9

What can a zinc deficiency during pregnancy cause?

Answer 9

Problems w/ growth and development of the fetus

Question 10

If a woman has a BMI under 18.5, how much weight should she gain during pregnancy?

Answer 10

28-40 lbs

Question 11

If a woman has a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9, how much weight should she gain during pregnancy?

Answer 11

25-35 lbs

Question 12

If a woman has a BMI between 25 and 29.9, how much weight should she gain during pregnancy?

Answer 12

15-25 lbs

Question 13

If a woman has a BMI over 30, how much weight should she gain during pregnancy?

Answer 13

11-20 lbs

Question 14

What is pica?

Answer 14

• Craving non-food items like soil, clay, or ice

- Often associated w/ iron deficiency

Question 15

What is gestational diabetes?

Answer 15

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy and typically resolves after giving birth

Question 16

What is the difference between chronic and gestational hypertension?

Answer 16

• Chronic develops before a woman becomes pregnant

- Gestational develops after the 20th week of pregnancy

Question 17

What is preeclampsia?

Answer 17

• High blood pressure and protein in the urine
• Almost always appears after 20 weeks of pregnancy
• Delivery of baby is only cure

Question 18

What effect does methyl mercury have on a fetus?

Answer 18

Can be passed through the placenta, resulting in high concentrations in the fetus’ blood, which can cause IQ deficits, abnormal muscle tone, reduced motor function, and lower attention span

Question 19

What is the limit of caffeine for pregnant women?

Answer 19

Equivalent of two 8 ounce cups of coffee per day

Question 20

How many extra calories per day do lactating women require?

Answer 20

330 calories

Question 21

What effect do nutritional deficiencies have during lactation?

Answer 21

Affect quantity instead of quality of breast milk

Question 22

Does the amount of fluid consumed by the mother affect the volume of breast milk produced?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

Which vitamin is lacking in breast milk?

Answer 23

Vitamin D

Question 24

The carbohydrate in breast milk is _____

Answer 24

Lactose

Question 25

Do formula-fed infants need vitamin D supplementation?

Answer 25

No b/c formulas have vitamin D added

Question 26

Which infants should be given cow milk based formula?

Answer 26

All infants who are not exclusively fed breast milk

Question 27

When should soy-based formula be given?

Answer 27

Infants who have galactosemia or who cannot consume dairy-based products for cultural or religious reasons

Question 28

What is infant formula required to contain adequate amounts of?

Answer 28

Linoleic acid (omega-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (omega-3)

Question 29

When should cow’s milk be introduced?

Answer 29

1 year old

Question 30

Which foods should be introduced to infants first?

Answer 30

Iron-rich foods, then vegetables, fruits, milk, and grain products

Question 31

When should honey be given to children and why?

Answer 31

• After 12 months of age

- Can cause botulism

Question 32

What is the maximum daily caffeine intake for children under 12?

Answer 32

2.5 mg/kg of body weight