UNIT 8: Calories, Food, Energy Flashcards
What is Calories?
A unit of measure used to express the amount of energy produced by foods in the form of heat.
What is basal metabolism?
Energy used to support body processes such as growth, health, tissue repair and maintenance and other functions.
What is Dietary thermogenesis?
The energy expended during the digestion of food and the absorption, utilization, storage and transport of nutrients.
What are three types of energy-requiring processes?
- Basal metabolism
- Physical activity
- Dietary thermogenesis
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
The rate at which energy is used by the body when it is at complete rest.
Amount of energy these macronutrients supply
1. Carbohydrate = 4
calories/gram
2. Proteins = 4
calories/gram
3. Fats = 9 calories/gramAlcohol also supplies energy
7 calories/gram
calculate total calories based on macronutrients
* Nutrients gram x calories/gm= calories For example: 15 g carb x 4 cal/g=60 calories. Total calories 145 cal
Calculate percentage of total calories from nutrients
- divide calories per nutrient by total calories n multiply by 100. For example;
- Carb:60/145=o.41 x 100=41%
What is Energy Density?
It is the number of calories per gram of food. For example, 107 calories in 20 gm of potato chips is calculate by ( 107/20 = 5.4)
US diets are high in
energy dense food which is associated with overeating, weight gain, obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Nutrients-rich foods are
Low in energy density
Define Hunger?
Unpleasant physical and psychological sensations that leads people to acquire and ingest food.
Define Apetite?
The desire to eat; a pleasant sensation that aroused by thoughts, taste and enjoyment of food.
Define Satiety?
Feeling of fullness or having eaten enough to eat
