Unit 8 Flashcards
Solids have __________ and __________.
definite form and volume
Liquids have a definite ______.
volume
What are the 5 properties of gases?
low density, compressibility, expansion, fluidity, diffusion and effusion
the gas form of a molecule, element, or compound is less dense than the _____ or ______ form of that same substance. The particles are _______ ______ which causes them to be less dense.
solid or liquid; further apart
Since gas particles are so far apart, they have the ability to be ____________________.
compressed into a very small space.
Gases , since they have no definite shape, can ______ when released from a closed container or heated.
expand
Gases have the ability to _____ in, out, and around solids and liquids.
flow
the normal, everyday mixing of gases
diffusion
the rapid escape of a gas from a closed container, as in the case of an aerosol can. Once in the open they then diffuse.
effusion
Gases consist of ______________ that are spread very far apart.
large numbers of very small particles
Collisions between gas particles are considered to be _______, that is, they hit another gas particle, bounce off, and hit another one and the cycle repeats itself. Energy is not ____.
elastic; lost
Gases are in _______, ______, and _______ motion and therefore possess _______ energy.
constant, rapid, and random; kinetic
There are no forces of ________ or ________ between gases.
attraction or repulsion
The average kinetic energy of a gas is dependent of its _________.
temperature
An increase in temperature will increase _______ ______ of the gas molecule.
kinetic energy
An ideal gas _________ perfectly to the ________ ________ _______.
conforms; Kinetic Molecular Theory
A real gas will ________ from the Kinetic Molecular Theory when certain conditions are present.
deviate
Real gases do have some ______ ______ at very ____ pressures.
attractive forces; high
When the temperature is very ___, there will be attraction/repulsion between these particles. (real gases)
low
Pressure is _____ __ ____ ____ on a space.
force per unit area
Pressure is currently measured with a _________.
barometer
Who invented the barometer?
Evangelista Torricelli
The barometer is a column of _____-filled glass that measures exactly ___ mm at 1 atmosphere.
mercury; 760
When weather is “fair”, the barometric pressure is said to be “____”, referring to the height of the mercury in the glass tube.
high
When the weather is not good, it is said to be “___”.
low
Does pressure change with geography?
yes
1 atmosphere = ___ mm Hg
760
1 atmosphere = ____ Torr.
760
1 atmosphere = _____ in Hg
29.92
1 atmosphere =______ Pascals
101325
Standard pressure is equal to _ atmosphere at _℃.
1;0
What do you add to celsius to convert to Kelvin.
273.15
When you increase the pressure on a gas, you decrease the volume.
Boyle’s law
When you increase the temperature on a gas, you increase the volume of that gas.
Charles Law
When you increase the temperature, you increase pressure as well.
Gaye-Lussac’s Law
Which law includes pressure, volume, and temperature?
Combination Gas Law
According to Graham’s Law of Effusion, _____ gases will travel faster than _____ ones, and the _______ it is, the faster it will travel.
lighter, heavier; warmer
This law is used when you are given a specific amount of a gas, usually in moles or grams.
General or Ideal Gas Law
With the general or ideal gas law:
- P is in _____
- V is in _____
- N is the # of _____ (grams/molecular weight)
- R is a constant = to ______
- T is in _____
- atmospheres
- liters
- moles
- 0.0821 moles/L x atm
- Kelvin
This law is used when you have a mixture of different gases in one container and you want to find the pressure of the container.
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure
