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Chemistry > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

What branch of chemistry includes studying carbon compounds?

A

Organic Chemistry

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3
Q

What branch of chemistry includes studying non-carbon compounds?

A

Inorganic Chemistry

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4
Q

What branch of chemistry includes studying energy involved in chemical changes and using calculus?

A

Physical Chemistry

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5
Q

What branch of chemistry includes identifying components (looking for contents)?

A

Analytical Chemistry

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6
Q

What branch of chemistry includes studying substances and processes in living things/systems? (ex. vitamins)

A

Biochemistry

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7
Q

What branch of chemistry includes using math and computers to study principles behind chemical behavior?

A

Theoretical Chemistry

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8
Q

What branch of chemistry includes studying transformations involving the nucleus? (ex. radioactive medicine, iodized salt)

A

Nuclear Chemistry

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9
Q

anything that occupies space and has mass

A

Matter

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10
Q

quantity of matter that a body possesses

A

Mass

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11
Q

smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of the element

A

Atom

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12
Q

pure substance that CANNOT be broken down any further by chemical or physical means, made up of only one kind of atom

A

Element

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13
Q

How many naturally occurring elements are there?

A

92 (Uranium is 92; very radioactive after 92; others are manmade)

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14
Q

a substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded (each one has unique properties)

A

Compound

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15
Q

What property does not depend on the amount of matter present?

A

Intensive

ex. density, melting point, boiling point, electrical conductivity, DNA

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16
Q

What property depends on the amount of matter present?

A

Extensive

ex. volume, mass, amount of energy in a substance

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17
Q

What kind of change is when the identity of the material is NOT altered?

A

Physical Change

ex. cutting hair, evaporation of alcohol, melting wax

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18
Q

What kind of change is when the identity is altered permanently?

A

Chemical Change

ex. burning hair, burning alcohol, dyeing fabric or hair, cooking food

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19
Q

What are the states of matter?

A

Solids, Liquids, and Gases

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20
Q

What are the classes of matter?

A

Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

21
Q

blending of two or more substances by physical means

A

Mixture

22
Q

A mixture that is the same all the way through.

A

Homogeneous Mixture

ex. fresh milk, Gatorade, air

23
Q

A mixture that is not uniform. You can see and identify different things in this type of mixture.

A

Heterogeneous Mixture

ex. Italian dressing, salsa, dirt, vegetable soup

24
Q

How many columns does the periodic table have, and what are these columns called?

A

There are 18 columns, called “groups”.

Groups have similar properties. Series increase from left to right in atomic number.

25
Q

What are the properties of metals?

A

Shiny, good conductors and reflectors, malleable (ability to bend), ductile (can be made into wire), tenacious (resists stretching), high melting point (increases as you move to the right and down)

26
Q

What are the properties of nonmetals?

A

Dull, brittle, nonconductors, nonreflective, nonductile, nonmalleable

27
Q

Which elements have the properties of both metals and nonmetals depending on outside conditions such as temperature?

A

Metalloids

ex. Silicon will only conduct an electrical current when it is heated

28
Q

involves data, measurement, qualities

A

Quantitative

29
Q

non-numerical observations such as color, odor, and sound

A

Qualitative

30
Q

What is the SI measurement for length?

A

meters

31
Q

What is the SI measurement for mass?

A

grams

32
Q

What is the SI measurement for time?

A

seconds

33
Q

What is the SI measurement for temperature?

A

celsius

34
Q

How many centimeters is 1 inch?

A

2.54 cm

35
Q

How many kilometers is 1 mile?

A

1.609 km

36
Q

How many meters is 1 mile?

A

1609 m

37
Q

How many liters is 1 gallon?

A

3.785 L

38
Q

How many grams is 1 pound?

A

453.6 g

39
Q

How many kilograms is 1 pound?

A

0.4536 kg

40
Q

How many kilograms is 1 ton?

A

907 kg

41
Q

the quantity of matter a body processes

A

Mass

42
Q

the pull of gravity on a given mass

A

Weight

43
Q

What is the formula for density?

A

D=M/V

44
Q

What unit is ALWAYS used for mass?

A

grams

45
Q

Density is in… for solids?

A

g/cm cubed

46
Q

Density is in… for liquids?

A

g/ml

47
Q

Density is in… for gases?

A

g/l

48
Q

the closeness of a measurement to the true or accepted value of the quantity measured

A

Accuracy

49
Q

the agreement among the numerical values of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way

A

Precision

Chemistry (13 decks)

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