unit 8 Flashcards
A series of three large events (1881, 1885, 1895) established to display Atlanta’s growth and industrial capabilities and to lure Northern investment to the region.
International Cotton Exposition
African American barber, businessman, and founder of the Atlanta Mutual Life Insurance Company from
Social Circle Ga.
Alonzo Herndon
Supreme Court created doctrine (idea) which legalized racial segregation as long as the facilities were equally funded; however, this was rarely the case.
Separate but Equal
managing editor for the Atlanta Journal who promoted the concept of the “New South.”
Henry Grady
Laws created by state legislatures to deny African-Americans or
Blacks citizenship rights and segregate scoiety.
Jim Crow Laws
FREE CARD
FREE CARD
hostility to or prejudice against Jews.
Anti-Semitism
period after Reconstruction where political and community leaders in the South sought to diversify Georgia’s economy and bring Northern technology and/or investments into the state.
New South
to deprive of the right to vote
Disenfranchise
A disenfranchising tactic that required voters to pay a fee in order to vote; this prevented poor blacks and whites from voting.
Poll tax
Lawyer, writer, and politician from Georgia; most well-known for his rural free delivery bill; began his career in the independent democrat and populist party with a progressive view of racial policies; ended his career as an ardent segregationist and anti-Semite; died while serving a term as
U.S. senator from Georgia.
Tom Watson
48 hour riot in Atlanta caused by economic competition and false newspaper accounts of African-American or Black men attacking white women; several African-Americans or Blacks were killed during the riot.
1906 Atlanta Race Massacre
Educator, author, political activist, and orator; promoted the idea that African-Americans or Blacks should pursue economic and educational endeavors before seeking social and political equality.
Booker T. Washington
Trial where a Northern Jewish pencil factory manager was accused of murdering 13 year old Mary Phagan; found guilty of the crime and sentenced to death, his sentence was later reduced to life due to additional evidence. However, a group of men calling themselves “the Knights of Mary Phagan” took Frank out of his prison cell and lynched him in Marietta.
Leo Frank Case
Managing editor for the Atlanta Journal who promoted the concept of the “New South.”
Henry Grady
Three powerful Georgia politicians (Joseph E. Brown, Alfred H. Colquitt, and John
B. Gordon) who dominated Georgia politics for over 20 years.
Bourbon Triumvirate
Founder of the Atlanta Mutual Life Insurance Company. Also, Atlanta’s first Black Millionaire.
Alonzo Herndon
a civil rights organization founded in 1909 to fight prejudice, lynching, and Jim Crow segregation, and to work for the betterment of
“people of color.”
NAACP
A short lived political party (1892-
1908) made up of farmers that were hostile to banks, railroads, and social elites. At the beginning, the party was made up of both whites and blacks.
Georgian Tom Watson was a leader and presidential candidate for the party.
Populist Party
A disenfranchising tactic that required voters to pass a reading and writing test in order to vote.
Literacy Test
Young female factory worker who was found murdered.
Leo Frank was blamed for killing her even thought there was little evidence against him.
Mary Phagan
Legislation proposed by
Georgia Congressman
Tom Watson that provided free mail delivery to rural
areas of the country.
Rural Free Delivery Act
Civil rights leader and college professor who fought for immediate social and political rights for African-Americans or Blacks.
Dubois W.E.B.(1868-1963)
Supreme Court case that established the separate but equal doctrine thus promoting segregation.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1892)
Democrats who dominated Georgia politics during the late 1800s and wanted to increase industry in the state and prevent equality for African Americans.
Bourbon Triumvirate
A small Georgia farmer who was suffering economically during the 1890s would have been interested in supporting to which of the following groups?
The Populist
Henry Grady’s goals for the South’s economy.
The South must become industrialized, like the North.
International Cotton Expositions:
Events established to showcase Atlanta’s growth and industrial capabilities
What big event would an advocate for the New South be excited about?
The international cotton exposition
Who led Georgia’s farmers in the Populist Party and created the Rural Free Delivery bill?
Tom Watson
Which notable African American leader believed that blacks should strive to be college educated intellectuals and helped found the NAACP?
W.E.B. DuBois
They disagreed over how African Americans should attempt to gain equality and the issue of segregation.
the relationship between Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois.
Who was the African American leader that supported a gradual approach to racial equality?
Booker T. Washington
What were grandfather clauses, poll taxes, and literacy tests intended to do?
Disfranchise African Americans
A law which forbids a white man and a black man from sharing the same water fountain is an example of ___________________________________.
a Jim Crow law
Discrimination and prejudice not only led to segregation, but also effected African Americans ability to vote. Which of the following is best defined by ‘taking away someone’s ability to vote?
disenfranchisement
What was the basic principle behind the 1896 Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson?
“seperate but equal”
He was a black businessman that achieved big goals and accumulated great wealth despite racism in the early 1900s.
Alonzo Herndon
The murder of Leo Frank was an example of ____________________________.
anti-semitism
What do the Leo Frank Case and the 1906 Atlanta Race Massacre have in common?
They are both examples racial/ethnic tensions that existed in Georgia during the early twentieth century.
What was a White Primary and how did it impact African Americans?
Exploited a loophole to take away African Americans political voice.
Only white citizens could vote in preliminary elections.
Prevented African Americans from being fairly represented by political candidates.
False newspaper headlines and stories angered many of Atlanta’s white citizens.
Atlanta’s police arrested black citizens who tried to fight back against the mob.
Many people were killed before Georgia’s militia was called into action to stop the violence.
1906 Atlanta Race Massacre.
Who is credited with creating the term “New South” to describe the changes in the southern economy?
Henry Grady
Began his life as a sharecropper before saving his money and learning a trade.
Owned three barber shops, the fanciest of which was called the “Crystal Palace”.
Started the Atlanta Life Insurance Company.
Alonzo Herndon.
