unit 7 Flashcards
Who won the election of 1860?
Abraham Lincoln
Who led the March to the Sea?
William T. Sherman
What was the Union Blockade of GA’s coast part of?
Anaconda Plan
What did the Emancipation Proclamation state?
It said that all slaves in rebellious states were free.
What was the destruction from Atlanta to Savannah called?
March to the Sea
What was Andersonville?
A notorious GA prison camp, where many Union soldiers died of neglect.
What was the largest battle fought in GA?
The Battle of Chickamauga
What campaign involved Sherman’s army fighting towards and capturing Atlanta?
Atlanta Campaign
Who was a key GA leader in creating the GA Platform?
Alexander Stephens
What period refers to the years immediately prior to the Civil War?
Antebellum period
What invention made cotton production profitable in the South?
Cotton Gin
What is the act of formally separating from a nation called?
Secession
What was the ruling in the Dred Scott Case?
The Supreme Court ruled that slaves were property no matter where they lived and did not have rights.
Who were abolitionists?
People who were against slavery and led political movements to end it.
What did the Fugitive Slave Act require?
Runaway slaves to be returned to their masters if they were caught.
What did the GA Platform state?
GA would only remain in the Union if the North complied with the Fugitive Slave Act.
What is nullification?
The belief that a state could choose not to follow a federal law and ignore it.
What was the Compromise of 1850?
California became a free state, and the Fugitive Slave Act was created to pacify slave states.
What did the Fugitive Slave Act mean for runaway slaves?
If a slave escaped and they were captured (even in a free state) they had to be sent back to the South.
Why did Dred Scott believe he and his family should be free?
He was a slave who moved with his owner to a free territory. The court said slaves were property not citizens.
What was the Nullification Crisis?
Southern states disliked tariffs and wanted to nullify them. South Carolina threatened to secede if they were not allowed to do so.
Which state was the first to secede from the Union?
South Carolina, because Lincoln was elected as President.
Why did Abraham Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation?
He made slavery a central reason for the war. Even though it was ignored by the South, it did encourage some slaves to run away.
What was the North’s plan for winning the war called?
The Anaconda Plan. They wanted to blockade the Southern coast and restrict trade.
Why did the Union Army want to capture Atlanta?
Atlanta was a railroad center and a source of supplies for Confederate troops.
Describe Sherman’s March to The Sea.
He marched through GA burning all resources in his path. This is called total war. It destroyed the ability/will of the South to fight.
What were the conditions at Andersonville prison like?
Very little shelter and food, lots of disease, bad water and overcrowding. Nearly 13,000 Union soldiers died while imprisoned there.
What did the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments do?
13th – Ended slavery / 14th – Gave citizenship to former slaves / 15th – Gave voting rights to former slaves
Describe the Lincoln, Johnson, and Congressional plans for Reconstruction.
Lincoln and Johnson’s plans had simple requirements and provided an easy path to reunification. Congress’ plan was more difficult.
What was sharecropping/tenant farming?
Sharecroppers would work on someone else’s land, use the owner’s tools and plant the owner’s seeds. In return, they would receive a place to live and a very small portion of the crops. Tenant farming was similar, but tenant farmers owned their own tools.
What happened to fairly elected black legislators like Henry McNeal Turner during Reconstruction in GA?
They were kicked out of office for all kinds of made-up invalid reasons.
What were the effects/actions of organizations like the Freedmen’s Bureau and the Ku Klux Klan?
The Freedmen’s Bureau was created by the US Govt and provided housing, food, medicine and education for former slaves. The KKK used terror tactics to prevent former slaves from having equality and using their new rights (voting).
The Dred
Scott case…
made Northern abolitionists angry
all of these
ruled that slaves & freed black were not citizens and could not sue
made Southern states happy
all of these
The South was also referred to as what in the Civil War?
The Confederacy
Why were the Southern states worried when
Abraham Lincoln won the election of 1860?
They thought he might try to end slavery in their states, as well as new territories.
Andersonville was a prisoner of war camp for
Union troops
Where did
Sherman start his
March to the Sea?
Atlanta
What did the Emancipation
Proclamation do?
It freed all slaves in the states fighting against the Union.
Georgia stated it was willing to stay in the Union AS LONG AS the Union agreed to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act and they agreed to stop trying to ban slavery in new territories in what?
Georgia Platform
What cash crop did the South mostly grow in the early to mid 1800s that was very profitable?
cotton
What was Abraham Lincoln’s official stance on slavery during the presidential campaign of 1860 and still as he begins his presidency in 1861?
Slavery should not be allowed to spread into the new United States territories.
What is the MAIN issue that led to the Civil War?
slavery
What was Sherman’s purpose of his
Atlanta Campaign?
To destroy Atlanta; a railroad hub
Name of Georgia’s capital that Sherman destroyed in his March to the Sea
Milledgeville
a person who is against slavery & wants it to end
abolitionist
What issue between states did the Missouri Compromise try to fix?
slavery
Why was Atlanta targeted by Union forces in the Civil War?
it was a railroad hub
all of these
it had factories and transported weapons & supplies to Confederate troops
it was the 2nd most important city on the South
all of these
Where was the location of the Conferederate prison for Union soldiers?
Andersonville
Part of the Anaconda Plan included blockading Southern ports, like the ones in Georgia.
Why did President Lincoln want to do this?
To hurt Souths economy
Southern states wanted who to have the final say in matters?
the states
What was at stake at the Battle of Chickamauga?
Control of the railroad center in nearby Chattanooga.
The North was also referred to as what in the Civil War?
The union
What was the purpose of the Union’s blockade of Georgia’s coast?
To keep the south from trading goods by ship
Gave all men the right to vote, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
15th Amendment
Union military campaign led by William T. Sherman with Savannah being the ultimate objective. As he marched to Savannah, Sherman used a
“scorched earth” policy to end the South’s will/ability to fight.
March to the Sea
A system in which farm workers were able to supply their own tools and supplies, but needed to rent land.
Tenant Farming
A Union Army general known for the Atlanta Campaign and his “March to the Sea” in which he and his troops laid waste to all valuable resources in his path.
William T. Sherman
A state’s attempt to cancel or ignore a Federal law that it considers
unconstitutional
Nullification
A tax on imported goods. The North supported these because it made foreign products mored expensive than their own. The South disliked them because it increased the price on the goods they purchased.
Tariff
The South focused on farming. The North focused on manufacturing. The South depended on slave labor; the North did not.
Growing Economic Differences
The time period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and brought back into the Union
Reconstruction
the formal withdrawal of a state from the Union
secession
Union strategy during the Civil War which incorporated a plan to blockade Southern ports and capture the Mississippi River.
Anaconda Plan
Loyalty to one’s own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a whole
Sectionalism
Provided citizenship and citizenship rights to
anyone born in the United States. (Including former slaves.)
14th amendment
A plan created by the U.S.
Legislative branch that was designed to make the process for reuniting the country more rigorous and difficult.
congressional reconstruction
In this agreement, California became a free state, upsetting the balance that had existed between free states and slave states.
Instead of a new state, the slave states were given a new law called the Fugitive Slave Act.
Compromise of 1850
William T. Sherman
fought a series of battles throughout northwest
Georgia while attempting to capture Atlanta.
Atlanta Campaign
abolished slavery
amendment 13
A battle fought over control Chattanooga TN; it was the largest Civil War battle fought in GA and the second bloodiest battle of the war.
Battle of Chickamauga
The U.S use of its navy to patrol the southern coastline to restrict
Confederate access to trade and supplies.
Union Blockade
