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ap bio > Unit 8 > Flashcards

Unit 8 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Density dependent factors

A

Limiting factors depending on population density, as the population grows these factors limit growth

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2
Q

density-independent factors

A

Factors that are unrelated to growth, tornado, earthquake, fires.

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3
Q

Emigration

A

Movement of individuals out of a population

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4
Q

Dispersion

A

Pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of a population

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5
Q

Population

A

is a group of organisms of one species that live in the same place at the same time

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6
Q

Community

A

an interacting group of various species in a common location

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7
Q

Estivation

A

When an organism sleeps through the summer

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8
Q

Circadian Rhythms

A

the physical, mental, and behavioral changes an organism experiences over a 24-hour cycle

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9
Q

Fixed action patterns

A

series or sequence of acts that occur behaviorally in animals

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10
Q

Habituation

A

when animals are exposed to the same stimuli repeatedly, and eventually stop responding to that stimulus

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11
Q

Imprinting

A

type of innate learning in animals immediately after birth or hatching to recognize their caregiver for food and protection.

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12
Q

Mullerian mimicry

A

a phenomenon in which two or more species with effective defenses (predators) share a similar appearance or signaling

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13
Q

Endotherm means

A

Warm blooded, high basal metabolic rate, more energy

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14
Q

Ectotherm means

A

Cold-blooded, standard metabolic rate, less energy

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15
Q

interspecific interactions

A

interactions between different species
in a community

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16
Q

Competition

A

(-/-)

17
Q

Predation

A

(+/-)

18
Q

Mutualism

A

(+/+) the ecological interaction between two or more species where each species has a net benefit.

19
Q

Commensalism

A

(+/0) one species obtains food or other benefits from the other without either harming or benefiting the latter

20
Q

Parasitism

A

(+/-) a relationship between the two living species in which one organism is benefitted at the expense of the other.

21
Q

Symbiosis

A

2 species live together in a long term intimate association

22
Q

competition exclusion principle

A

Two species can’t coexist if they occupy the same niche

23
Q

resource partitioning

A

2 species who overlap may evolve by natural selection to have more distinct niches

24
Q

Resource exploitation

A

Use of non-renewable resources ex: coal, gas

25
Q

Keystone species

A

an organism that helps hold the system together. Ex: bees

26
Q

Iteroparity

A

A reproductive strategy characterized by multiple reproductive cycles over the course of a lifetime.

27
Q

Semelparity

A

characterized by a single reproductive episode before death

28
Q

K selection

A

large body size, long life expectancy, and the production of fewer offspring, density-dependent

29
Q

R selection

A

producing a lot of offspring, producing them often, and having a relatively short lifespan and don’t really care for their offspring, density independent

30
Q

Primary succession

A

when a new area of land is populated by a group of species for the first time.

31
Q

Secondary succession

A

happens when a climax community or intermediate community is impacted by a disturbance. This restarts the cycle of succession

32
Q

Character displacement

A

two competing species in the same environment develop divergent traits in order to reduce competition between the species.

33
Q

Type I survivorship curve

A

Opposite of a inverse relationship ex: humans

34
Q

Type II survivorship curve

A

Linear, going downwards

35
Q

Type III Survivorship curve

A

Inverse relationship

36
Q

Life history

A

the pattern of survival and reproduction events during the life of an organism

37
Q

Metapopulation

A

a population of populations, or a group of groups

38
Q

Ecological footprint

A

the impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources

39
Q

Batesian mimicry

A

a harmless species has evolved to imitate the warning signals of a harmful species

ap bio (7 decks)

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