UNIT 8 Flashcards
has its roots with Sigmund Freud, who believed there were unconscious forces that drive behavior.
Psychoanalysis or psychodynamic theory, also known as the “historical perspective,”
freely talking to the therapist about whatever comes up without censoring
free association
examining dreams for important information about the unconscious
dream analysis
redirecting feelings about certain people in one’s life onto the therapis
transference
In general, psychotherapists and counselors who use this approach direct much of their focus and energy on analyzing past relationships and, in particular, traumatic childhood experiences about an individual’s current life
Psychoanalysis or psychodynamic theory, also known as the “historical perspective
can be more time-intensive in comparison to some short-term theories because it involves changing deeply ingrained behaviors and requires significant work on understanding one’s self.
Psychodynamic theory
is based on the belief that behavior is learned.
Behavioral theory
is one type of behavioral therapy that stems from early theorist Ivan Pavlov’s research.
Classic conditioning
executed a famous study using dogs, which focused on the effects of a learned response (e.g., a dog salivating when hearing a bell) through a stimulus (e.g., pairing the sound of a bell with food).
Pavlov
developed another behavioral therapy approach, called operant conditioning.
B. F. Skinner
He believed in the power of rewards to increase the likelihood of a behavior and punishments to decrease the occurrence of a behavior.
B. F. Skinner
In the 1960s, psychotherapist Aaron Beck developed
cognitive theory.
This counseling theory focuses on how people’s thinking can change feelings and behaviors.
- Cognitive Theory
Unlike psychodynamic theory, therapy based on ___ is brief and oriented toward problem-solving.
cognitive theory
therapists focus more on their client’s present situation and distorted thinking than on their past.
- Cognitive Theory
are most about the present and helping their clients achieve their highest potential. Instead of energy spent on the past or negative behaviors, humanists believe in the goodness of all people and emphasize a person’s self-growth and self-actualization.
Humanistic therapists
include client-centered, gestalt, and existential therapies. Carl Rogers developed client-centered therapy, which focuses on the belief that clients control their destinies
Humanistic theories
work focuses more on what’s going on in the moment versus what is being said in therapy.
Gestalt therapists’
help clients find meaning in their lives by focusing on free will, self-determination, and responsibility.
Existential therapists
involves integrating various elements of different theories to practice. In addition to traditional talk therapy, holistic therapy may include nontraditional therapies such as hypnotherapy or guided imagery. The key is to use the techniques and psychotherapy tools best suited for a particular client and problem.
Holistic and integrative therapy
there are 12 programs and 46 projects serving as a framework for actions that could be undertaken by member agencies of the National Nutrition Council (NNC), other national government agencies, local government units, non-government organizations, academic institutions, and development partners.
Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition 2017-2022 Executive Summary (2017),
Of these 12 programs, ___are nutrition-specific, +++ is nutrition-sensitive and___are enabling support programs.
Of these 12 programs, 8 are nutrition-specific, one is nutrition-sensitive and three are enabling support programs.
I. Infant and young child feeding
Project/ Component: Health systems support
Agencies involved:
DOH, LGUs
I. Infant and young child feeding
Project/ Component: Community-based health and nutrition support
DOH, NGOs, LGUs, Development Partners (DPs)
