Unit 7: The Middle Ages Europe Flashcards
Who at the biggest influence on European life during the Middle Ages?
The Catholic Church
What did monasteries help preserve during the Middle Ages?
Greco-Roman cultural achievements
Who did the Pope crown as the Holy Roman Emperor?
Charlemagne- king of the Franks
Describe the feudal system.
Fiefs- were pieces of land granted by kings and lords to vassals who swore loyalty to them
• Vassals- were rich men given land by lords in kings as long as the promised loyalty and to protect their land
• Serfs- peasants that worked the land, they were not well compensated for their work and were very poor
Charlemagne did what during his rule as king of the Franks?
He had churches, roads, and schools built to unite the empire.
Angles and Saxons
Invading tribes that migrated from continental Europe into Great Britain
Magyars
Invading tribe that migrated from Central Asia
to Hungary.
Vikings
Invading tribe that migrated from Scandinavia
to Russia and pillaged across Europe
What were the influences of European tribes like the Angles, Saxons, Magyars and Vikings?
- Manors with castles provided protection from invaders, reinforcing the feudal system.
- Invasions disrupted trade, towns declined, and the feudal system was strengthened.
The Hundred Years’ War
Major battles fought between England and France during the middle ages over territory in modern day France. This war helped establish them both as major nation states.
English king that signed the Magna Carta and limited the power of English monarchs
King John
William the Conqueror
Duke of Normandy that crossed the English channel and conquered Great Britain
Joan of Arc
a young French girl that claimed to have visions from God to lead the French people to victory against the English during the Hundred Years’ War. She help turn the tide of the war in the French’s favor
Who were the Spanish monarchs that unified the country and expelled Jews and Moors?
Ferdinand and Isabella
Which Spanish king saw the Spanish Empire expand into the Western Hemisphere?
Charles V
Who threw off the rule of the Mongols, centralized power in Moscow, and expanded the Russian nation?
Ivan the Great
Which church had a major influence on Russian life?
The Greek Orthodox church
What was the impact of the Black Death on Europe?
- Decline in population
- Scarcity of labor
- Towns freed from feudal obligations
- Decline of Church influence
- Disruption of trade
What was the influence of Church scholars during the Middle Ages in Europe?
- Were among the very few who could read and write
- Worked in monasteries
- Translated Greek and Arabic works into Latin
- Made new knowledge in philosophy, medicine, and science available in Europe
- Laid the foundations for the rise of universities in Europe
The Crusades
Religious wars between Christian Europeans and Muslims in the middle east for control of Jerusalem
The Mongols
Created an massive empire that included parts of Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. They invaded Russia, China, and Muslim states in Southwest Asia, destroying
cities and countryside.
